- SELECTIVE FORMOSE REACTION CATALYZED BY DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL
-
Selective formose reactions were achieved by diethylaminoethanol as catalyst at 100 deg C in the presence and the absence of D-fructose as co-catalyst.The reaction in the presence of the co-catalyst gave 2-hydroxymethylglycerol and other three main products in high yields, whereas in its absence pentaerythritol was the sole product.
- Matsumoto, Toshihiko,Komiyama, Makoto,Inoue, Shohei
-
-
Read Online
- SELECTIVE FORMOSE REACTION INITIATED BY PHOTO- AND γ-IRRADIATION
-
A selective formose synthesis was achieved by photo- and γ-irradiation of formaldehyde in the presence of base.Photoirradiation of aqueous formaldehyde solution gave pentaerythritol as a single product, while γ-irradiation resulted in the formation of glycolaldehyde as the main product.These results suggest that the formose reaction under photo- and γ-irradiation is considerably different from the thermal formose reaction.
- IRIE, Setsuko
-
-
Read Online
- Photoreductive formation of acetaldehyde from aqueous formaldehyde
-
A novel reaction is described in which acetaldehyde is formed by ultraviolet irradiation of mildly basic formaldehyde solutions. In 0.05 M potassium carbonate, the acetaldehyde produced is converted to pentaerythritol in a subsequent dark reaction.
- Schwartz, Alan W.,De Graaf
-
-
Read Online
- A redox-metric study of the formation of coloring substances in the synthesis of pentaerythritol
-
The redox potentials of the reaction mixtures in the course of pentaerythritol synthesis and of transformations of formaldehyde and glucose in a NaOH solution without catalyst and in the presence of copper prepared by reduction of CuO were measured. Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2011.
- Demchenko,Belkin
-
-
Read Online
- PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF PENTAERYTHRITOL WITH AN INCREASED YIELD OF DI-PENTAERYTHRITOL
-
The present invention refers to a process for production of pentaerythritol with an increased yield of di-pentaerythritol, wherein acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, calcium hydroxide and a formose inhibitor are reacted in an aqueous solution.
- -
-
Page/Page column 7-10
(2020/05/13)
-
- A new type of pH-sensitive phospholipid
-
We describe the synthesis and characterization of a type of pH-sensitive pentaerythritol phospholipids, using a trialkoxybenzylidene acetal as the acid-labile moiety. This lipid was prepared by an eight-step synthesis via a latentiation strategy. Liposomes were prepared via the thin film extrusion method. The changes of liposomal sizes were measured by dynamic light scattering. Content release rates of the liposomes as a function of pH were monitored by using a calcein fluorescence dequenching assay. These results indicated that this new liposomal system was capable of releasing its contents under mildly acidic conditions. At last, in vitro cytotoxicity was assayed against three cell lines, suggesting this type of phospholipids was low toxic.
- Zhan, Li,Chang, Shuyuan,Liu, Ting,Yu, Shanbao,Li, Hui,Lu, Minjie,Zhu, Yong,Luo, Yu,Yu, Jiahui,Yang, Fan,Tang, Jie
-
supporting information
p. 4724 - 4727
(2017/11/17)
-
- Low ash content method for preparing calcium method for pentaerythritol (by machine translation)
-
The present invention relates to calcium method method for preparing pentaerythritol. A low-ash content calcium method for method for preparing pentaerythritol, with formaldehyde, acetaldehyde as raw material, to calcium hydroxide is used as catalyst and reactant preparing pentaerythritol, in the condensation process, adding formaldehyde chitosan inhibitors, in order to reduce formaldehyde chitosan reaction. The formaldehyde chitosan inhibitor is alkali metal molybdate, alkaline earth metal molybdate, alkali metal tungstate and manganese salt in one or any of the several kinds of mixed, formaldehyde chitosan inhibitors of the quality of the amount of formaldehyde 1-10ppm. Low ash calcium method of the present invention method for preparing pentaerythritol, is mainly characterized in that in the condensation process by adding inhibitors, inhibit formaldehyde chitosan, calcined products can be decreased, improving the quality of products. The invention solves the problem of the calcium french season pentaerythritol ash content and high, higher quality problem of calcined, solves the problem that the pentaerythritol alcoholysis, esterification process in the presence of high calcium ash decomposition accelerating pentaerythritol, problems such as impact on the quality of the alkyd resin, has good prospects for industrial development and extension. (by machine translation)
- -
-
Paragraph 0022-0024
(2017/04/03)
-
- Formaldehyde fifth heavenly stem four mellow Shan Suo double-quarter of the six-ester
-
wherein the carboxylic acids comprise C9 branched aliphatic monocarboxylic acid, and any one of carboxylic acids selected from C4 to C8 aliphatic monocarboxylic acids. The hexaester is used as one component of a refrigerant oil composition, and gives excellent characteristics, such as oxidation stability, lubricity, and low temperature properties, to a refrigerant oil composition.
- -
-
Paragraph 0127-0128
(2017/03/21)
-
- POLYOXYALKYLENE POLYOL OR MONOOL AND POLYURETHANE RESIN
-
An object of the present invention is to provide a polyoxyalkylene polyol and a polyoxyalkylene monool, capable of producing a urethane elastomer and a urethane foam which are sufficiently excellent in mechanical properties and moisture resistance. The present invention is directed to a polyoxyalkylene polyol or monool (S), which is an alkylene oxide adduct of an active hydrogen-containing compound (H), wherein 40% or more of hydroxyl groups located at the terminal are primary hydroxyl group-containing groups represented by the general formula (1) shown below, and a hydroxyl value x, the total degree of unsaturation y and the content of ethylene oxide z satisfy a relationship of the mathematical expression (1). [In the general formula (1), R1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group or a phenyl group, each of which may be substituted with a halogen atom or an aryl group.] [in-line-formulae]y≦28.3×x?2×(100?z)/100??(1)[/in-line-formulae] [In the mathematical expression (1), x represents a hydroxyl value, y represents the total degree of unsaturation, and z is the content of ethylene oxide based on the weight of (S) and is from 0 to 50% by weight.
- -
-
-
- METHOD OF PREPARING PENTAERYTHRITOL
-
A method of preparing monopentaerythritol, dipentaerthritol, and sodium formate through high temperature condensation and cascade recrystallization is disclosed. The method lowers the energy consumption dramatically and improves the cost-effectiveness by carrying out the reaction in a non-low-temperature zone, and thereby avoiding the requirement for refrigeration. The method alleviates the difficulty of separation and improves the product quality by means of cascade separation process, and thereby avoiding the low purity from a single separation. In addition, the mother liquor obtained after each separation step is recycled to the previous step as the recycling liquor, which avoids discharging waste, increases the product yield and lowers raw materials consumption.
- -
-
Page/Page column 2
(2010/06/22)
-
- BIOOCOMPATIBLE POLYMER COMPOSITIONS
-
The present invention provides a biocompatible prepolymer comprising hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments, wherein the hydrophobic segments have at least one ethylenically unsaturated functional group and at least 5% of the segments have two or more ethylenically unsaturated functional groups and water. The invention further provides a biocompatible prepolymer composition comprising hydrophilic and hydrophobic prepolymers, wherein at least one of the hydrophobic prepolymers has at least one ethylenically unsaturated functional group and at least 5% of the prepolymers have two or more ethylenically unsaturated functional groups and water. The invention further provides use of the prepolymer or prepolymer compositions of the invention in biomedical applications such as tissue engineering, as bone substitutes or scaffolds, and in wound treatment.
- -
-
-
- PROCESS FOR PRODUCING MONOPENTAERYTHRITOL OF HIGH PURITY AND MONOPENTAERYTHRITOL PRODUCED BY THE PROCESS
-
The invention relates to a process for producing monopentaerythritol of high purity and monopentaerythritol produced by the process. Formaldehyde is reacted with acetaldehyde in an aqueous solution in the presence of a strongly basic hydroxide in a conventional way. The obtained reaction mixture is evaporated to a dryness of 50-70 % by weight and is thereafter cooled. Crystals of pentaerythritol thereby formed are separated off. The crystals are dissolved in water or in a water-containing mother liquor containing pentaerythritol to a dryness of 35-55 % by weight. The solution is treated in a purification step whereupon monopentaerythritol of high purity is crystallized at a temperature of 40-90 °C and separated from the remaining mother liquor which is recirculated to the above mentioned step.
- -
-
Page/Page column 3-7
(2008/06/13)
-
- Cross-linked hyaluronate compounds
-
There is disclosed a cross-linked hyaluronate compound obtained by reacting a sodium hyaluronate compound with a polfunctional aziridine compound as a cross-linking agent. The polyfunctional aziridine compound was added to hyaluronan of various molecular weights in an equivalent ratio of HA/AZ of 1:1 to 1:10, preferably, 1:3 to 1:10, more preferably, 1:3 to 1:5; most preferably 1:4 to 1:5. The polymeric hydrogel compounds obtained are useful to prevent the formation of post-operative adhesions, designing tissue engineering applications, and the like.
- -
-
Page/Page column 5
(2010/02/14)
-
- Synthesis of Novel Phosphoramidite Building Blocks from Pentaerythritol
-
The synthesis of four types of phosphoramidites containing various protecting groups (DMTr, TBDMS, Lev) has been achieved starting from pentaerythritol. The protecting groups can be deprotected selectively in an orthogonal manner.
- Kim, Su Jeong,Bang, Eun-Kyoung,Kim, Byeang Hyean
-
p. 1838 - 1840
(2007/10/03)
-
- Pentaerythrite derivatives, the production and use thereof and intermediate products for the synthesis of the same
-
The invention relates to novel compounds derived from pentaerythrite compounds of formula (XII) and (XVI), which can be used as pharmaceutically active substances, specially in the treatment of cardiac and circulatory diseases.
- -
-
-
- Electrochemical reduction of pentaerythrityltetranitrate (PETN) and metabolites
-
The reduction-cascade of PETN is described as a combination of cyclic-voltammetric measurements and analytical results together with synthesis of PETN-metabolites; furthermore the electroreduction of pentaerythityldinitrate (PEDN) in the presence and absence of cystine as well as cystine and electrogenerated superoxide-radicalanions to elucidate the interaction of PETN with thiol-species. PETN was recognized as precursor for a initial radicalic process, followed by intermediate formation of pentaerythityltxinitratealdehyde (PENA) inside a self-reducing nitrate-system with NO as final product, which may explain its special position in comparison with other pharmaceutically applied nitratestructures. It could be proved, that a cystine-pool reacts as a selective moderator inside the reduction of PEDN without being interfered by O2?-, yielding pentaerythitylmononitrate (PEMN) meanwhile in the absence of cystine only pentaerythrite (PE) is formed.
- Hess, Ulrich,Brosig,Koenig,Stoeter,Stalleicken
-
p. 460 - 464
(2007/10/03)
-
- Process for the reductive cleavage of linear and cyclic acetals especially formals
-
The reductive cleavage of linear and cyclic acetals, especially formals, in an aqueous medium containing a formate takes place by hydrogenation with hydrogen in the presence of a heterogeneous hydrogenation catalyst at a pH value of less than 7 at a temperature of over 200° C. The catalyst-poisoning effect of the formate is overcome at over 200° to 300° C., especially from over 200° to 280° C., so that, in a suspension procedure, the weight ratio of metal having hydrogenating activity to acetal is less than 0.1.
- -
-
-
- Piperidyl organosiloxanes and polymer substrates light-stabilized therewith
-
Novel piperidyl organosiloxanes, well adapted for the light/UV-stabilization of a wide variety of polymer substrates, e.g., polyolefins and polyalkadienes, have the structural formula (I): STR1
- -
-
-
- Process for producing polyhydric alcohol
-
There is disclosed a process for producing a polyhydric alcohol which comprises reacting an aliphatic aldehyde with formaldehyde in the presence of a base compound consisting essentially of a hydrogencarbonate and a carbonate which have been formed by the oxidation or hydrolysis of a formic acid salt, in particular, the process according to the above process wherein a formic acid salt which has been by-produced by the reaction of an aliphatic aldehyde with formaldehyde is oxidized or hydrolyzed in the presence of a noble metal catalyst or a nickel catalyst in a reductive state to form a base compound consisting essentially of a hydrogencarbonate and a carbonate and this base compound is circulated through the reaction of the aldehyde and formaldehyde and is reused as the base compound. The above process enables easy and highly efficient production of high quality polyhydric alcohols substantially without by-producing a formic acid salt with a low value-added.
- -
-
-
- Process for the preparation of polyalkyl-1-oxa-diazaspirodecane compounds
-
The invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyalkyl-1-oxa-diazaspirodecane compounds, which can be used as highly active light stabilizers for polymers. The reaction is carried out in a solvent mixture of at least one alcohol and if appropriate an inert organic solvent in the presence of solid alkali metal hydroxide or a corresponding amount of a mixture of solid alkali metal hydroxide and water as the sole catalyst. The process offers the advantage that, by using a solvent mixture and dispensing with a phase transfer catalyst, a higher rate of reaction and therefore higher product quality with the same yield are achieved. By dispensing with a phase transfer catalyst, which remains in the waste water and must be disposed of expensively, and by the reusability of the solvent mixture, the process is more environment-friendly and more economical than processes known to date.
- -
-
-
- Optically active phenoxypropionic esters
-
Optically active compounds of the formula I STR1 where R is C1 -C12 -alkyl or -perfluoroalkyl in which one or two non-adjacent CH2 or CF2 groups can also be replaced by --O-- and/or --CO-- and/or --CO--O-- and/or --CH=CH-- and/or --CH-halogen-- and/or --CHCN-- and/or --0--CO--CH-halogen-- and/or --O--CO--CHCN--, or is C1 -C12 -alkyl which can have a terminal chemically reactive group and in which a CH2 group can be replaced by --O--, A1 and A2 are each, independently of one another, 1,4-phenylene which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or two F and/or Cl and/or Br atoms and/or CH3 groups and/or CN groups and in which one or two CH groups can also be replaced by N, 1,4-cyclohexylene in which one or two non-adjacent CH2 groups can also be replaced by --O-- and/or --S--, 1,4-piperidinediyl, 1,4-bicyclo[2.2.2]octylene, 2,6-naphthalenediyl, decahydro-2,6-naphthalenediyl or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2,6-naphthalenediyl, A3 is unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, Z is --CO--O--, --O--CO--, --CH2 CH2 --, --OCH2 --, --CH2 O--, --C C-- or a single bond and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3.
- -
-
-
- Synthetic lubricating oil
-
A synthetic lubricating oil contains an esterification product obtained from a hydroxycarboxylic acid polyol ester (A) and at least one aliphatic monocarboxylic acid (B), and optionally either an aliphatic carboxylic acid having two or more carboxyl groups (C) or a combination of an aliphatic carboxylic acid having two or more carboxyl groups (C) and an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol (D).
- -
-
-
- Compounds having one or more aminosulfaonyloxy radicals useful as pharmaceuticals
-
Methods of treating chronic arthritis and osteoporosis which utilize both known and novel compounds which would fall under the general formula:(HO)p--A--[--OS(O) 2 NR 1 R 2 ] zwherein A encompasses a wide range of values including but not limited to aryl, loweralkyl, cycloalkyl, and carbohydrates including sucrose and fructose; p is equal to the number of unreacted hydroxy groups contained on the molecule and may be zero; z is the number of --OS(O) 2 NR 1 R 2 groups and is always at least one; R 1 and R 2 are selected from hydrogen, loweralkyl, carboxy and the like; a novel process for preparing the compounds is provided wherein an appropriate sulfamic acid aryl ester is reacted with a hydroxy substituted A radical which may or may not contain thereon protected carboxyl, amino or hydroxy substituents, in an aprotic solvent containing a tertiary amine base. Pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of chronic arthritis and osteoporosis are also provided.
- -
-
-
- Sulfamates as antiglaucoma agents
-
Sulfamate esters of the formula where A is aryloxyalkyl, p is the number of unreacted hydroxy groups present on the alkyl moiety and may be zero, z is the number of --OS(O)2 NR1 R2 groups attached to carbons of the alkyl moiety and is always at least one; R1 and R2 are selected from hydrogen, loweralkyl, carboxy, and the like are useful in treating glaucoma.
- -
-
-
- Transesterification of alkoxyesters
-
Method for the highly selective transesterification of alkyl 3-alkoxypropionates, as well as several novel alkoxypropionate compounds, are provided. Transesterification catalyzed by titanium alkoxides or tin compounds does not catalyze the Michael reaction, and therefore, provide highly selective transesterification reactions of these reactive materials.
- -
-
-
- Partial ester release agents for plastics
-
Partial esters of saturated, linear C22 -C34 -monocarboxylic acids with polyols containing at least 3 carbon atoms and at least 2 hydroxyl groups are provided. The partial esters contain on average at least 1 free hydroxyl group and are generally obtained as mixtures of partial esters of at least 2 of said C22 -C34 -monocaroxylic acids. Particularly contemplated are partial esters based on montanic acids. The partial esters exhibit excellent release effects and transparency properties when used as release agents for plastics based on PVC or PVC copolymers.
- -
-
-
- SELECTIVE FORMOSE REACTIONS INITIATED BY γ-IRRADIATION
-
Formose reactions initiated by γ-irradiation in the presence of inorganic bases selectively produce ethylene glycol and pentaerythritol as major products at room temperature in the presence of calcium hydroxide.The yield ratio of ethylene glycol to pentaerythritol depends on the initial concentration of formaldehyde.At low concentration, the main product is ethylene glycol, whereas pentaerythritol increases at high concentration.The decomposition of formaldehyde is inhibited by ethanol, a hydroxyl-radical scavenger.These results suggest that radical reactions play an important role in radiation-initiated formose synthesis, in contrast to thermal formose reactions.
- Irie, Setsuko
-
-
- SIDE REACTIONS LEADING TO ETHERS AND ACETALS.
-
Condensation of formaldehyde with acetaldehyde results in formation of dipentaerythritol and a number of similar byproducts whose molecules include five-carbon units with central carbon atoms, linked by ether or acetal bonds. A reaction mechanism is proposed for the condensation of formaldehyde with acetaldehyde with formation of byproducts. The proposed mechanism is verified experimentally. The results of photometric measurements at 280 nm during the course of the process provide direct experimental confirmation of the rapid reversibility of the main and side reactions, ensuring the observed interrelationships of the reaction system. The experimental observations demonstrate that the reversible reactions of the process are interrelated, as is indicated by the proposed mechanism. It is concluded that proposed mechanism with side reactions of formation of dipentaerythritol and similar products from pentaerythritol and unsaturated intermediate aldehydes is correct.
- Belkin
-
p. 365 - 368
(2007/10/02)
-
- ANALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE REACTION SYSTEM OF A PROCESS ON THE BASIS OF INTEGRAL CHARACTERISTICS.
-
In this work the structure of the reactions of the acetaldehyde-formaldehyde condensation process is subjected to systems analysis, based on the dependence of its integral characteristics on the general conditions, and the main routes of detailed experimental verification of the proposed mechanism are suggested.
- Belkin
-
p. 341 - 345
(2007/10/02)
-
- SIDE REACTIONS OF ACETALDEHYDE AND INTERMEDIATE ALDEHYDES.
-
The mechanism of condensation of formaldehyde with acetaldehyde in presence of an alkaline catalyst, according to which by-products are formed by virtually irreversible reactions of condensation of acetaldol or similar aldols, has been confirmed experimentally. From the experimental results it is established that the by-products of the condensation process are the products of condensation of acetaldol and of the Cannizzaro side reaction of aldols. Therefore the suggested mechanism of condensation of formaldehyde with acetaldehyde is correct in principle.
- Belkin
-
p. 345 - 349
(2007/10/02)
-
- Catalysts for alkoxylation reactions
-
Catalysts producing a sharply peaked alkoxylation distribution during the alkoxylation of organic materials comprise mixtures of BF3 and metal alkyls or metal alkoxides, SiF4 and metal alkyls or metal alkoxides, or mixtures of these catalysts.
- -
-
-
- Methods of alkoxylation
-
Catalysts comprising mixtures of HF and metal alkoxides and mixed metal alkoxides produce a sharply peaked alkoxylation distribution during the alkoxylation of organic materials.
- -
-
-
- Derivatives of Pentaerythritol, IV. - Identification of By-products in Pentaerythritol Process Liquors
-
Several previously unknown by-products of the pentaerythritol synthesis were identified by comparison of their GC/MS spectra with the spectra of pure compounds.Furthermore, pure 2-hydroxymethyl-2-(methoxymethoxymethyl)-1,3-propandiol (5) was isolated from mother liquors, and the reference compounds 5-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxane-5-carboxylic acid (6) and 3--2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propanoic acid (7) were synthesized.
- Werle, Peter,Busker, Eberhard,Wolf-Heuss, Elisabeth
-
p. 1082 - 1087
(2007/10/02)
-
- Catalysts for alkoxylation reactions
-
Catalysts and a method of using said catalysts for the alkoxylation of a variety of materials is disclosed. Catalysts so described produce alkoxylates having a very sharp alkoxylate distribution. The catalysts are supported and unsupported dialkoxy and dialkyl metal fluorides and halides and alkyl metal difluorides and dihalides.
- -
-
-
- A 13C AND 1H NMR STUDY OF FORMALDEHYDE REACTIONS WITH ACETALDEHYDE AND ACROLEIN. SYNTHESIS OF 2-(HYDROXYMETHYL)-1,3-PROPANEDIOL
-
The 13C i 1H NMR spectra of various formaldehyde-acetaldehyde and formaldehyde-acrolein mixtures in buffered aqueous solutions were examined.Reaction intermediates and products were assayed including 3-hydroxypropanal, 3-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)propanal, pentaerythrose and pentaerythritol.Reaction mixtures were hydrogenated under various conditions to yield mixtures of 1,3-propanediol, pentaerythritol and 2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol.The latter compound was also prepared by an efficient new procedure from 3,3-diethoxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1-propanol.
- Nielsen, Arnold T.,Moore, Donald W.,Schuetze, Bryan D.
-
p. 1393 - 1403
(2007/10/02)
-
- Synthesis of Sugars and Sugar-Like Products by UV Irradiation of Formaldehyde Absorbed on Zeolites
-
The formation of sugars and sugar-like substances by UV irradiation of formaldehyde adsorbed on zeolites of type A and X has been demonstrated.The conversion inside or outside the matrix and product distribution depend on the type of zeolite. - Keywords: Formaldehyde, Sugars, Zeolites
- Seel, Fritz,Schaum, Willi,Simon, Georg
-
p. 1451 - 1456
(2007/10/02)
-
- Derivatives of Pentaerythritol, I. - Formaldehyde Bis(pentaerythrityl) Acetal and Tetrapentaerythritol
-
Pure formaldehyde bis(pentaerythrityl) acetal (9) and tetrapentaerythritol (4) were isolated for the first time as by-products during the synthesis of pentaerythritol from acetaldehyde and formaldehyde.The spectra show that 4 is not a branched molecule as suggested but a straight-chained one.
- Werle, Peter,Nonnenmacher, Gerhard,Kruse, Karsten
-
p. 938 - 945
(2007/10/02)
-
- Isoindolinone pigments and process for their manufacture
-
Isoindolinone pigments of the formula STR1 WHEREIN R represents an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic radical, a cycloaliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic radical to which the oxygen atoms are attached through alkyl or alkoxy groups, V1 and V2 represent hydrogen or halogen atoms, alkyl or alkoxy groups of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, X represents a halogen atom, Y and Z represent halogen atoms, alkoxy or alkylmercapto groups of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, cycloalkoxy groups of 5 to 6 carbon atoms, aralkoxy, aryloxy or arylmercapto groups, and n is an integer from 2 to 6, are valuable pigments coloring plastics, lacquers and printing inks in various yellow shades of excellent fastness properties and high color strength.
- -
-
-
- 2,2,2-Tris(hydroxymethyl)ethylphosponic acid and method for its preparation
-
This invention relates to a novel phosphonic acid, 2,2,2-tris (hydroxymethyl) ethylphosphonic acid, and to a process for its preparation. It also relates to the use of such phosphonic acid as an inhibitor of corrosion of metal surfaces and as an inhibitor of the development of scale in cooling water.
- -
-
-
- Antioxidant composition for stabilizing polyols
-
Synergistic antioxidant compositions consisting of certain hindered phenols such as 2,4-dimethyl-6-octyl phenol and 4,4'-bis (α,α-dimethylbenzyl) diphenyl amine are useful to stabilize polyether polyols against oxidative degradation and prevent scorch in polyurethane foams prepared from the polyether polyols.
- -
-
-
- Heterocyclic phosphorus compounds
-
A heterocyclic phosphorus mono-, di- or polyester has the constitution of the product prepared by reacting an intermediate of specified type with a di- or polyol or derivative thereof capable of yielding the di- or polyol on hydrolysis, said intermediate of specified type being a heterocyclic phosphorus compound having the constitution of the compound prepared by reacting an olefin polymer or copolymer having at least 50 carbon atoms and containing olefinic unsaturation with a phosphorus trihalide in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst, preferably consisting of an aluminium halide, to form a reaction product having halogen atoms attached to phosphorus, and thereafter reacting the reaction product with a hydroxy compound, preferably water or methanol, to remove one or both of the halogen atoms attached to the phosphorus atom. Lubricating compositions containing the mono-, di- or polyesters of the invention are also described.
- -
-
-
- Hydrogenolysis of formates
-
Process for hydrogenolysis of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal salt of formic acid so as to produce methanol and a metal hydroxide corresponding to the formic acid salt wherein a catalyst of cobalt, rhenium, ruthenium, palladium, platinum or mixtures thereof is used.
- -
-
-
This product is a nationally controlled contraband, and the Lookchem platform doesn't provide relevant sales information.
