50-45-3

Basic information

• Product Name: 2,3-Dichlorobenzoic acid
• Synonyms: Lamotrigine Related Compound B (USP);2,3Dichlorobenzoic acid (Lamotrigine Related Compound B) ;2,3-dichloro-benzoicaci;RARECHEM AL BO 0323;TIMTEC-BB SBB003641;2,3-DICHLOROBENZOIC ACID;2,3-DICHLOROBENZOIC ACID PESTANAL, 250 M;2,3-Dichlorobenzoicacid,98%
• CAS NO: 50-45-3
• Molecular Formula: C₇H₄Cl₂O₂
• Molecular Weight: 191.01
• EINECS: 200-039-5
• Product Categories: Aromatic Carboxylic Acids, Amides, Anilides, Anhydrides & Salts;Benzoic acid;Organic acids;Alpha sort;D;DAlphabetic;DIA - DIC;Pesticides&Metabolites;C7;Carbonyl Compounds;Carboxylic Acids;acid;intermediate
• Mol File: 50-45-3.mol
• Article Data: 16

Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: 168-170 °C(lit.)
• Boiling Point: 273.68°C (rough estimate)
• Flash Point: 139.4 °C
• Appearance: white or kind of white powder or needle form crystallization
• Density: 1.4410 (rough estimate)
• Vapor Pressure: 0.000326mmHg at 25°C
• Refractive Index: 1.4590 (estimate)
• Storage Temp.: Sealed in dry,Room Temperature
• Solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), DMSO (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly)
• PKA: 2.53±0.25(Predicted)
• Water Solubility: slightly soluble
• BRN: 1946217
• CAS DataBase Reference: 2,3-Dichlorobenzoic acid(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: 2,3-Dichlorobenzoic acid(50-45-3)
• EPA Substance Registry System: 2,3-Dichlorobenzoic acid(50-45-3)

Safety Data

• Hazard Codes: Xi
• Statements: 36/37/38
• Safety Statements: 26-37/39-36-24/25
• WGK Germany: 2
• RTECS: DG6475000
• HazardClass: IRRITANT
• Hazardous Substances Data: 50-45-3(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Description

2,3-Dichlorobenzoic acid is an organic compound characterized by the presence of two chlorine atoms at the 2nd and 3rd positions on a benzene ring, with a carboxylic acid group attached. It is a white crystalline solid that serves as a crucial intermediate in the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals.
Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
2,3-Dichlorobenzoic acid is used as a key intermediate for the synthesis of antiepileptic drug Lamotrigine (L173250) and other medications aimed at treating central nervous system (CNS) disorders and diseases. Its role in the production of these drugs is vital, as it contributes to the development of effective treatments for epilepsy and other related conditions.

Purification Methods

Aromatic acid impurities (to <0.05%) can be removed via the (±)--methylbenzylamine salt as described for 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid [Ley & Yates Organic Process Research & Development 12 120 2008.] Crystallise the acid from H2O, aqueous EtOH, or 30% aqueous AcOH and several times from *C6H6, then dry it in vacuo at 40o overnight. The methyl ester has m 35-39o . [Hope & Riley J Chem Soc 123 2478 1923, Lock Monatsh Chem 90 687 1959, Shorter & Mather J Chem Soc 4744 1961, Beilstein 9 II 228, 9 IV 998.]

InChI:InChI=1/C7H4Cl2O2/c8-5-3-1-2-4(6(5)9)7(10)11/h1-3H,(H,10,11)/p-1

Synthetic route

carbon dioxide (124-38-9) + 1,2-dichloro-benzene (95-50-1) → 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 1,2-dichloro-benzene With n-butyllithium In tetrahydrofuran at -75℃; for 2h; Stage #2: carbon dioxide In tetrahydrofuran	88%

1-(bromomethyl)-2,3-dichlorobenzene (57915-78-3) → 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium periodate; sulfuric acid In water at 95℃; for 12h;	84%

2,3-dichlorotoluene (32768-54-0) → 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium periodate; sulfuric acid; lithium bromide In water at 95℃; for 18h;	75%
Stage #1: 2,3-dichlorotoluene With tert.-butylhydroperoxide; sodium hydroxide; tungsten(VI) oxide In water at 80℃; for 10h; Stage #2: With hydrogenchloride In water	75%
With nitric acid at 140℃; im Druckrohr;
With alkaline permanganate

2,3-dichlorobenzylaldehyde (6334-18-5) → 2,3-dichlorobenzyl alcohol (38594-42-2) + 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3)

Conditions	Yield
With potassium hydroxide

2,3-dichlorobenzylaldehyde (6334-18-5) → 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3)

Conditions	Yield
With silver(l) oxide
With potassium permanganate In water; acetonitrile
Stage #1: 2,3-dichlorobenzylaldehyde With ammonia at -33℃; for 1h; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: With potassium permanganate for 1h; Inert atmosphere; Reflux;

benzoic acid (65-85-0) → 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride; potassium chlorate; water
With calcium chloride

carbon dioxide (124-38-9) + 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene (87-61-6) → 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) + 3-chlorobenzoate (535-80-8) + ortho-chlorobenzoic acid (118-91-2) + 2,6-dichlorobenzoic acid (50-30-6)

Conditions	Yield
With tetrabutylammomium bromide In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 5℃; electrolysis (I=0.4 A); Yield given. Further byproducts given. Yields of byproduct given;

2-amino-3-chlorobenzoic acid (6388-47-2) → 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3)

Conditions	Yield
(i) NaNO2, aq. HCl, (ii) aq. CuSO4, NH2OH*HCl, (iii) FeCl3, aq. HCl; Multistep reaction;

2,3-dichlorobenzamide (5980-24-5) → 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium peroxide In water at 20℃; for 1h; Oxidation;

benzoic acid (65-85-0) + calcium chloride → 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) + 3,4-dichlorbenzoic acid (51-44-5) + 3-chlorobenzoate (535-80-8)

benzoic acid (65-85-0) + calcium chloride → 2,4,5-trichlorobenzoic acid (50-82-8) + 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) + 3,4-dichlorbenzoic acid (51-44-5) + 3-chlorobenzoate (535-80-8)

hydrogenchloride (7647-01-0) + benzoic acid (65-85-0) + potassium chlorate → 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) + 3-chlorobenzoate (535-80-8) + ortho-chlorobenzoic acid (118-91-2) + 3,4-dichloro-benzoic acid and 2,5-dichloro-benzoic acid

α,α,α-trifluorotoluene (98-08-8) + antimonypentachloride (7647-18-9) → 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) + para-chlorobenzoic acid (74-11-3) + 3-chlorobenzoate (535-80-8)

Conditions	Yield
Chlorierung; anschliessende Verseifung;

2,3-dichlorotoluene (32768-54-0) + KMnO4 → 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3)

carbon dioxide (124-38-9) + 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene (87-61-6) → 2,3,4-trichlorobenzoic acid (50-75-9) + 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) + 2,6-dichlorobenzoic acid (50-30-6)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene With sec.-butyllithium In tetrahydrofuran; cyclohexane at -75℃; for 0.75h; Stage #2: carbon dioxide In tetrahydrofuran; cyclohexane Title compound not separated from byproducts;	A 13 % Chromat. B 5.7 % Chromat. C 67 % Chromat.

2,3-dichlorobenzoic acid sodium salt (118537-84-1) → 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride; water pH=1 - 2;

2,3-dichlorobenzonitrile (6574-97-6) → 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3)

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: 70 percent H2SO4 / 70 °C 2: sodium peroxide / H2O / 1 h / 20 °C View Scheme
Stage #1: 2,3-dichlorobenzonitrile With sodium hydroxide; water In methanol at 5 - 10℃; for 10h; Heating / reflux; Stage #2: With hydrogenchloride

2,3-dichloroaniline (608-27-5) → 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3)

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1.1: NaNO2; aq. HCl 1.2: copper(I) cyanide / H2O / 0.33 h / 20 °C 2.1: 70 percent H2SO4 / 70 °C 3.1: sodium peroxide / H2O / 1 h / 20 °C View Scheme

2-methylchlorobenzene (95-49-8) → 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3)

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: MoCl5 / beim Chlorieren 2: alkaline permanganate View Scheme

2-chloro-3-methylaniline (29027-17-6) → 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3)

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: Diazotization.Behandlung der Diazoniumchloridloesung mit Cuprochlorid 2: diluted nitric acid / 140 °C / im Druckrohr View Scheme

toluene (108-88-3) → 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3)

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: MoCl5 / beim Chlorieren 2: alkaline permanganate View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: MoCl5 / beim Chlorieren 2: diluted nitric acid / 140 °C / im Druckrohr View Scheme

N-(2-chloro-6-methylphenyl)acetamide (21352-09-0) → 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3)

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: (i) aq. KMnO4, (ii) aq. H2SO4 2: (i) NaNO2, aq. HCl, (ii) aq. CuSO4, NH2OH*HCl, (iii) FeCl3, aq. HCl View Scheme

para-dichlorobenzene (106-46-7) + 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene (87-61-6) → 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3)

C7H3Cl2O2(1-)*C25H30N3(1+) → 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) + crystal violet carbinol base (467-63-0)

Conditions	Yield
With water In chlorobenzene at 28℃; Equilibrium constant;

sodium cyanide (773837-37-9) + 2,3-dichlorobenzoyl chloride (2905-60-4) → 2,3-dichlorobenzoyl cyanide (77668-42-9) + 2,3-dichlorobenzoic acid anhydride (252186-80-4) + 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) + C16H6Cl4N2O2

Conditions	Yield
With copper(l) chloride In para-xylene; acetonitrile Reagent/catalyst; Solvent;

2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) → 2,3-dichlorobenzoyl chloride (2905-60-4)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid With N,N-dimethyl-formamide In dichloromethane at 0℃; for 0.0833333h; Stage #2: With oxalyl dichloride In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 12h;	100%
With thionyl chloride for 2h; Inert atmosphere; Reflux;	88%
With thionyl chloride

2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) + 4-((6-(1-tert-butyl-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-ylamino)-5-fluoropyridin-2-yl)methyl)piperidine-4-carbonitrile → 4-((6-(1-tert-butyl-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-ylamino)-5-fluoropyridin-2-yl)methyl)-1-(2,3-dichlorobenzoyl)piperidine-4-carbonitrile

Conditions	Yield
With 1-hydroxybenzotriazol-hydrate; 1-ethyl-(3-(3-dimethylamino)propyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride In acetonitrile at 20℃;	100%
With benzotriazol-1-ol; 1-ethyl-(3-(3-dimethylamino)propyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride In water; acetonitrile at 20℃;	100%

2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) + 2-[5-amino-2-[(1r,4r)-4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]indazol-6-yl]propan-2-ol → 2,3-dichloro-N-(2-((1r,4r)-4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl)-6-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2H-indazol-5-yl)benzamide

Conditions	Yield
With 2-chloro-1-methyl-pyridinium iodide; N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 25℃; for 0.5h; Inert atmosphere;	97%

2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) + 2,2,2-trichloroethyl salicylate (56529-85-2) → 2,3-Dichloro-benzoic acid 2-(2,2,2-trichloro-ethoxycarbonyl)-phenyl ester (88875-67-6)

Conditions	Yield
With methanesulfonyl chloride In pyridine; toluene for 10h; Ambient temperature;	96%

2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) → 2,3-Dichlorobenzoic acid methyl ester (2905-54-6)

Conditions	Yield
With sulfuric acid In methanol Reflux;	92%
With sulfuric acid In methanol	92%

2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) + acetone (67-64-1) → 2-oxopropyl 2,3-dichlorobenzoate

Conditions	Yield
With sodium chlorite; potassium iodide at 100℃; for 24h; Schlenk technique;	88%

2-thiazolylamine (96-50-4) + 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) → 9-chloro-5H-[1,3]-thiazolo[2,3-b]quinazolin-5-one

Conditions	Yield
With copper; potassium carbonate In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 25℃; for 0.25h; sonication;	86%
With copper Ullmann condensation; Sonication;

2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) + dibenzo[b,d]bromol-5-ium methanesulfonate → C19H11BrCl2O2 + 2'-bromo-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl 2,3-dichlorobenzoate

Conditions	Yield
With caesium carbonate In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 16h; Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique;	A n/a B 86%

2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) → 3-Chloro-2-hydroxybenzoic acid (1829-32-9)

Conditions	Yield
With pyridine; copper; potassium carbonate In water for 2h; Heating;	85%
With copper(l) iodide; copper; potassium carbonate at 180℃; under 7355.08 Torr;

2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) + 2,4-diaminophenol (95-86-3) → 2-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-amine (339197-79-4)

Conditions	Yield
With polyphosphoric acid at 110 - 120℃; for 16h;	83%

2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) → C7H5BCl2O4

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid With potassium fluoride In tetrahydrofuran Large scale; Stage #2: With 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-lithium at -78 - -70℃; for 1.5h; Large scale; Stage #3: With Triisopropyl borate In tetrahydrofuran at -78 - -70℃; for 1.16667h; Large scale;	82.3%

2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) → 2-amino-3-chlorobenzoic acid (6388-47-2)

Conditions	Yield
With ammonia; copper(l) chloride In methanol at 130℃; under 22801.5 Torr; for 20h; Pressure; Solvent; Autoclave;	81%
With hydrogenchloride; sodium hydroxide; aqueous NH3; ammonia; copper(l) chloride In water
With sodium hydroxide; ammonia; copper(l) chloride In water

ethene (74-85-1) + 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) → 6,7-Dichloroindan-1-one (68755-30-6)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid With thionyl chloride In benzene Heating / reflux; Stage #2: ethene With aluminum (III) chloride In 1,1-dichloroethane at 10 - 20℃; Stage #3: With aluminum (III) chloride; sodium chloride at 130 - 180℃; for 2h;	80%

2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) + N-[3-(3-aminophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-8-yl]benzamide → N-{3-[8-(benzoylamino)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl]phenyl}-2,3-dichlorobenzamide

Conditions	Yield
With pyridine; 1-ethyl-(3-(3-dimethylamino)propyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride at 70℃; for 2h;	80%

Allyl acetate (591-87-7) + 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) → 2-allyl-5,6-dichloro-benzoic acid

Conditions	Yield
With potassium phosphate; [ruthenium(II)(η6-1-methyl-4-isopropyl-benzene)(chloride)(μ-chloride)]2 at 60℃; for 16h; Inert atmosphere;	80%

2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) + N-Methylnicotinamide (114-33-0) + water (7732-18-5) + copper(II) acetate monohydrate (6046-93-1) → C28H26Cl4CuN4O8*H2O

Conditions	Yield
for 72h;	79%

2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) + 2-(2-pyridyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidine → C19H14Cl2N4O*(x)ClH

Conditions	Yield
With triethylamine; N-[(dimethylamino)-3-oxo-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-1-yl-methylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate In dichloromethane at 25℃; for 10h; Reagent/catalyst;	76%

2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) + 2-Methoxybenzoic acid (579-75-9) + methyl iodide (74-88-4) → C17H14Cl2O5

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid; 2-Methoxybenzoic acid With manganese(IV) oxide; di-μ-chlorobis(norbornadiene)dirhodium(I) In water at 150℃; for 24h; Sealed tube; Stage #2: methyl iodide With potassium carbonate In water; acetone at 60℃; for 24h; regiospecific reaction;	76%

2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) + 1-phenyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-c]pyridine (98175-84-9) → 5-[(2,3-dichlorophenyl)carbonyl]-1-phenyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-c]pyridine

Conditions	Yield
With triethylamine; HATU In dichloromethane	75%

2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) + (4-benzothiazol-2-yl-piperazin-1-yl)acetic acid hydrazide (1266359-97-0) → 2,3-dichlorobenzoic acid N-[2-(4-benzothiazol-2-ylpiperazin-1-yl)acetyl]hydrazide

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid; (4-benzothiazol-2-yl-piperazin-1-yl)acetic acid hydrazide With 2,6-dimethylpyridine In dichloromethane at 25 - 30℃; for 0.5h; Stage #2: With O-(benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate In dichloromethane at 0 - 5℃;	75%

2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) + 1-phenyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine (87673-89-0) → (2,3-dichlorophenyl)(1-phenyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-5(4H)-yl)methanone

Conditions	Yield
With N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine; N-[(dimethylamino)-3-oxo-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-1-yl-methylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 20℃; for 0.5h; Inert atmosphere;	75%

2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) + 4-methyl-2-(pyridine-3-yl)thiazole-5-carbohydrazide → C17H10Cl2N4OS

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid With silica gel; trichlorophosphate at 20℃; for 0.5h; Stage #2: 4-methyl-2-(pyridine-3-yl)thiazole-5-carbohydrazide at 100℃; for 5h;	74%

1,2,3-Benzotriazole (95-14-7) + 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) → (1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)(2,3-dichlorophenyl)methanone

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid With trichloroisocyanuric acid; triphenylphosphine In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 0.5h; Stage #2: 1,2,3-Benzotriazole In dichloromethane at 20℃;	74%

2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) + 1H-indazol-5-ylamine (19335-11-6) → 2,3-dichloro-N-(1H-indazol-5-yl)benzamide

Conditions	Yield
With O-(benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate; N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine In acetonitrile at 20℃;	73%
With 1-ethyl-(3-(3-dimethylamino)propyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride; N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 20℃;

2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) + trimethylsulphonium hydroxide (17287-03-5) → 2,3-Dichlorobenzoic acid methyl ester (2905-54-6)

Conditions	Yield
In ethyl acetate at 20℃; for 2h; Esterification;	72%

2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) + 3-(4-amino-5-mercapto-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-1-ethyl-7-methyl-1,8-naphthyridin-4(1H)-one (1216936-53-6) → 3-{6-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazol-3-yl}-1-ethyl-7-methyl-1,8-naphthyridin-4(1H)-one (1334936-30-9)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 3-(4-amino-5-mercapto-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-1-ethyl-7-methyl-1,8-naphthyridin-4(1H)-one With phosphoric acid at 50 - 60℃; Stage #2: 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid at 180 - 200℃; for 3h; Stage #3: With ammonia In water	71%

3,4-diaminopyridine (54-96-6) + 2,3-dichlorbenzoic acid (50-45-3) → 2-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-5H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine (1196131-11-9)

Conditions	Yield
With PPA at 190℃; for 3h;	70%

Upstream product

• 6388-47-2 2-amino-3-chlorobenzoic acid 
• 32768-54-0 2,3-dichlorotoluene 
• 773837-37-9 sodium cyanide 
• 2905-60-4 2,3-dichlorobenzoyl chloride 
• 106-46-7 para-dichlorobenzene 
• 87-61-6 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene 
• 21352-09-0 N-(6-chloro-2-methylphenyl)acetamide 
• 108-88-3 toluene 
• 29027-17-6 2-chloro-3-methylaniline 
• 95-49-8 2-methylchlorobenzene 
• 608-27-5 2,3-dichloroaniline 
• 6574-97-6 2,3-dichlorobenzonitrile 
• 118537-84-1 2,3-dichlorobenzoic acid sodium salt 
• 124-38-9 carbon dioxide 

Downstream Products

• 134445-66-2 2,3-Dichloro-benzoic acid 4-{[(E)-4-methoxy-phenylimino]-methyl}-phenyl ester 
• 2905-60-4 2,3-dichlorobenzoyl chloride 
• 252186-80-4 2,3-dichlorobenzoic acid anhydride 
• 1420468-52-5 4-[(2,3-dichlorophenyl)methyl]-3-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine 
• 1420468-54-7 3-(2,3-dichlorobenzyl)-2-ethyl-5-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ol 
• 1420468-68-3 3-(2,3-dichlorobenzyl)-2-methoxy-5-(pyridin-4-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ol 
• 1420468-67-2 4-(2,3-dichlorobenzyl)-5-methoxy-1H-pyrazol-3-amine 
• 1420468-66-1 2-(4-(2,3-dichlorobenzyl)-3-methoxy-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione 
• 1420468-65-0 2-(4-(2,3-dichlorobenzyl)-3-hydroxy-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione 
• 1420468-64-9 3-amino-4-(2,3-dichlorobenzyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-ol 
• 1420468-56-9 2-(2,3-dichlorobenzyl)-4,4,4-trifluoro-3-oxobutanenitrile 
• 39960-00-4 3-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)propanenitrile 
• 39959-99-4 2-cyano-3-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)propanoic acid 
• 1420468-53-6 3-(2,3-dichlorobenzyl)-2-ethyl-5-(pyridin-4-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ol 

Relevant articles and documents

Photo-induced deep aerobic oxidation of alkyl aromatics

Oxidation is a major chemical process to produce oxygenated chemicals in both nature and the chemical industry. Presently, the industrial manufacture of benzoic acids and benzene polycarboxylic acids (BPCAs) is mainly based on the deep oxidation of polyalkyl benzene, which is somewhat suffering from environmental and economical disadvantage due to the formation of ozone-depleting MeBr and corrosion hazards of production equipment. In this report, photo-induced deep aerobic oxidation of (poly)alkyl benzene to benzene (poly)carboxylic acids was developed. CeCl3 was proved to be an efficient HAT (hydrogen atom transfer) catalyst in the presence of alcohol as both hydrogen and electron shuttle. Dioxygen (O2) was found as a sole terminal oxidant. In most cases, pure products were easily isolated by simple filtration, implying large-scale implementation advantages. The reaction provides an ideal protocol to produce valuable fine chemicals from naturally abundant petroleum feedstocks. [Figure not available: see fulltext.].

Direct conversion of aromatic aldehydes into benzamides via oxidation with potassium permanganate in liquid ammonia

Oxidation of aromatic aldehydes by KMnO4 in liquid ammonia gives amides directly. The reaction proceeds satisfactorily when the aldehydes are activated by electron-withdrawing substituents on the ring.

INHIBITORS OF STEAROYL-COA DESATURASE

Provided herein are compounds of the formula (I): as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein the substituents are as those disclosed in the specification. These compounds, and the pharmaceutical compositions containing them, are useful for the treatment of diseases such as, for example, obesity.