- OXIDATION OF POLYAMINES BY PYRROLOQUINOLINE QUINONE (PQQ)
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Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) was found to oxidize the polyamines spermine and spermidine in stoichiometric amounts with diaminopropane as the main product identified by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectroscopy of the reaction products.Putrescine was oxidized much slower than the polyamines and cetyl-trimethyl-ammonium bromide did not promote oxidation.A model for the PQQ oxidation of polyamines is suggested to account for these observations.
- Houen, G.,Larsen, C.,Larsson, L.-I.
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Read Online
- Continuous amination of propanediols in supercritical ammonia
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Enhancements in selectivity by a factor of 4 to 18 were observed in the near critical regions of ammonia during the Co- and Ni-catalyzed synthesis of 1,3-diamino-propanes. These results are attributed to the higher concentration of ammonia at the surface of the catalyst, which favors the amination and suppresses degredation reactions.
- Fischer, Achim,Mallat, Tamas,Baiker, Alfons
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Read Online
- Cobalt-catalyzed amination of 1,3-propanediol: Effects of catalyst promotion and use of supercritical ammonia as solvent and reactant
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The catalytic synthesis of 1,3-diaminopropane from 1,3-propanediol and ammonia was studied in a continuous fixed-bed reactor in the pressure range 50 to 150 bar. The unsupported Co-based catalysts applied were characterized by N2 physisorption, XRD, XPS, TPR, and ammonia adsorption using pulse thermal analysis and DRIFT spectroscopy. The latter investigations revealed that the best catalyst, 95 wt% Co-5 wt% Fe, contained only very weak acidic sites, unable to chemisorb ammonia. The absence of strong acidic and basic sites was crucial to suppress the various acid/base-catalyzed side reactions (retro-aldol reaction, hydrogenolysis, alkylation, disproportionation, dimerization, oligomerization). Other important requirements for improved diaminopropane formation were the use of excess ammonia (molar ratio NH3/diol > 20) and the presence of the metastable β-Co phase. A small amount of Fe additive could efficiently hinder the transformation of this phase into the thermodynamically stable α-Co phase and thus prevent catalyst deactivation up to 10 days on stream. Application of supercritical ammonia almost doubled the selectivity to amino alcohol and diamine. The selectivity enhancement in the near-critical region is attributed to elimination of the interphase mass transport limitations and to the resulting higher surface ammonia concentration.
- Fischer,Maciejewski,Buergi,Mallat,Baiker
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Read Online
- Oxidation of acetylpolyamines by maize polyamine oxidase
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The oxidation of acetylpolyamines by celt wall polyamine oxidase from maize shoots was investigated. The purified enzyme catalysed the oxidation of N1-acetylspermine, N1-acetylspermidine, and N8-acetylspermidine at the same optimal pH (6.5), but with lower relative velocities and higher K(m) than those found for spermine and spermidine oxidation. The enzyme cleaved N1-acetylspermine and N8-acetylspermidine, at the same positions as in spermine and spermidine oxidation, with the production of H2O2, 1,3- diaminopropane and the corresponding aminoaldehydes. Polyamine oxidase was quickly inactivated by catalysis, and the aminoaldehyde derived from N1- acetylspermine behaved as a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme (K(m) = 20 μM). These findings suggest that cell wait polyamine oxidase from maize shoots does not effect the interconversion pathway of acetylpolyamines found in vertebrates.
- Federico, Rodolfo,Ercolini, Luca,Laurenzi, Maria,Angelini, Riccardo
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Read Online
- Aluminum Metal-Organic Framework-Ligated Single-Site Nickel(II)-Hydride for Heterogeneous Chemoselective Catalysis
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The development of chemoselective and heterogeneous earth-abundant metal catalysts is essential for environmentally friendly chemical synthesis. We report a highly efficient, chemoselective, and reusable single-site nickel(II) hydride catalyst based on robust and porous aluminum metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) (DUT-5) for hydrogenation of nitro and nitrile compounds to the corresponding amines and hydrogenolysis of aryl ethers under mild conditions. The nickel-hydride catalyst was prepared by the metalation of aluminum hydroxide secondary building units (SBUs) of DUT-5 having the formula of Al(μ2-OH)(bpdc) (bpdc = 4,4′-biphenyldicarboxylate) with NiBr2 followed by a reaction with NaEt3BH. DUT-5-NiH has a broad substrate scope with excellent functional group tolerance in the hydrogenation of aromatic and aliphatic nitro and nitrile compounds under 1 bar H2 and could be recycled and reused at least 10 times. By changing the reaction conditions of the hydrogenation of nitriles, symmetric or unsymmetric secondary amines were also afforded selectively. The experimental and computational studies suggested reversible nitrile coordination to nickel followed by 1,2-insertion of coordinated nitrile into the nickel-hydride bond occurring in the turnover-limiting step. In addition, DUT-5-NiH is also an active catalyst for chemoselective hydrogenolysis of carbon-oxygen bonds in aryl ethers to afford hydrocarbons under atmospheric hydrogen in the absence of any base, which is important for the generation of fuels from biomass. This work highlights the potential of MOF-based single-site earth-abundant metal catalysts for practical and eco-friendly production of chemical feedstocks and biofuels.
- Antil, Neha,Kumar, Ajay,Akhtar, Naved,Newar, Rajashree,Begum, Wahida,Dwivedi, Ashutosh,Manna, Kuntal
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p. 3943 - 3957
(2021/04/12)
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- Enantioselective synthesis of cyclic and linear diamines by imine cycloadditions
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Imine is one of the most versatile functional groups in chemistry and biochemistry fields. Although many biochemical reactions involve imine formation, the inherently unstable property of N-alkyl-α,β-unsaturated imines still hindered their utilization in organic synthesis. In this article, we described that the N-alkyl-α,β-unsaturated imines, which prepared from alkylamines and acrolein, could smoothly react through [4 + 4] cycloaddition to give eight-membered diazacyclooctane derivatives in excellent yields. Under a similar condition, in the presence of formaldehyde, the [4 + 2] and [4 + 2 + 2] cycloadditions could lead to the formation of six-membered hexahydropyrimidine or eight-membered triazacyclooctanes, depending on the substituent of aldehydes. Moreover, an easy functional group manipulation of the cyclic products obtained from these cycloadditions can provide variously substituted chiral linear diamines. We can utilize these novel reactivities to reveal the unknown and essential properties of many biological processes that involve N-alkyl-unsaturated imines.
- Chang, Tsung-Che,Pradipta, Ambara R.,Tanaka, Katsunori
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p. 1160 - 1168
(2020/07/08)
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- Imprinted Apportionment of Functional Groups in Multivariate Metal-Organic Frameworks
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Sophisticated chemical processes widely observed in biological cells require precise apportionment regulation of building units, which inspires researchers to develop tailorable architectures with controllable heterogeneity for replication, recognition and information storage. However, it remains a substantial challenge to endow multivariate materials with internal sequences and controllable apportionments. Herein, we introduce a novel strategy to manipulate the apportionment of functional groups in multivariate metal-organic frameworks (MTV-MOFs) by preincorporating interlocked linkers into framework materials. As a proof of concept, the imprinted apportionment of functional groups within ZIF-8 was achieved by exchanging imine-based linker templates with original linkers initially. The removal of linker fragments by hydrolysis can be achieved via postsynthetic labilization, leading to the formation of architectures with controlled heterogeneity. The distributions of functional groups in the resulting imprinted MOFs can be tuned by judicious control of the interlocked chain length, which was further analyzed by computational methods. This work provides synthetic tools for precise control of pore environment and functionality sequences inside multicomponent materials.
- Feng, Liang,Wang, Kun-Yu,Lv, Xiu-Liang,Powell, Joshua A.,Yan, Tian-Hao,Willman, Jeremy,Zhou, Hong-Cai
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supporting information
p. 14524 - 14529
(2019/10/02)
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- The invention relates to a propylene glycol and liquid ammonia as raw materials for preparing propylene diamine method and apparatus thereof
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The invention relates to a method for preparing propane diamine by taking propylene glycol and liquid ammonia as raw materials. Propylene glycol and liquid ammonia are mixed in a certain ratio and are pumped into a reactor by virtue of a pump, and reaction is carried out in presence of a catalyst and hydrogen. The method for preparing the propane diamine by taking the propylene glycol and liquid ammonia as the raw materials has the advantages that a novel catalyst is adopted, catalytic performance is excellent, and long-time operation can be easily carried out; propylene glycol is subjected to hydroamination for producing a propane diamine product at lower reaction pressure, and reaction conditions are adjusted and changed, so that composition of the product can be flexibly adjusted and changed, selectivity of a target product is improved, a reaction process is simple, one-time investment of a production unit and production cost are reduced, a reaction product and a catalyst can be simply separated, and large-scale continuous industrial production can be easily realized.
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Paragraph 0080-0081; 0090
(2017/08/31)
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- · Uniform catalyst by using alcohol aminosilicone di-, tri-and a method of manufacturing a polyphenylenepolyamine
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The invention relates to a method for producing primary amines, which contain at least one functional group of the formula (-CH2-NH2) and at least one further primary amino group, by the alcohol amination of reactants, which contain at least one functional group of the formula (-CH2-OH) and at least one further functional group (-X), wherein (-X) is selected from hydroxyl groups and primary amino groups, using ammonia with removal of water, wherein the reaction is carried out in a homogeneously catalyzed manner in the presence of at least one complex catalyst containing at least one element selected from groups 8, 9 and 10 of the periodic table and at least one donor ligand.
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Paragraph 0099; 0114
(2016/10/09)
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- Applications of dynamic combinatorial chemistry for the determination of effective molarity
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A new strategy for determining thermodynamic effective molarities (EM) for macrocylisation reactions using dynamic combinatorial chemistry under dilute conditions is presented. At low concentrations, below the critical value, Dynamic Libraries (DLs) of bifunctional building blocks contain only cyclic species, so it is not possible to quantify the equilibria between linear and cyclic species. However, addition of a monofunctional chain stopper can be used to promote the formation of linear oligomers allowing measurement of EM for all cyclic species present in the DL. The effectiveness of this approach was demonstrated for DLs generated from mixtures of 1,3-diimine calix[4]arenes, linear diaminoalkanes and monoaminoalkanes. For macrocycles deriving from one bifunctional calixarene and one diamine, there is an alternating pattern of EM values with the number of methylene units in the diamine: odd numbers give significantly higher EMs than even numbers. For odd numbers of methylene units, the alkyl chain can adopt an extended all anti conformation, whereas for even numbers of methylene units, gauche conformations are required for cyclisation, and the associated strain reduces EM. The value of EM for the five-carbon linker indicates that this macrocycle is a strainless ring. This journal is
- Ciaccia, Maria,Tosi, Irene,Baldini, Laura,Cacciapaglia, Roberta,Mandolini, Luigi,Di Stefano, Stefano,Hunter, Christopher A.
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p. 144 - 151
(2015/02/19)
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- PROCESS FOR PREPARING DI-, TRI- AND POLYAMINES BY HOMOGENEOUSLY CATALYZED ALCOHOL AMINATION
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Process for preparing primary amines which have at least one functional group of the formula (—CH2—NH2) and at least one further primary amino group by alcohol amination of starting materials having at least one functional group of the formula (—CH2—OH) and at least one further functional group (—X), where (—X) is selected from among hydroxyl groups and primary amino groups, by means of ammonia with elimination of water, wherein the reaction is carried out homogeneously catalyzed in the presence of at least one complex catalyst comprising at least one element selected from groups 8, 9 and 10 of the Periodic Table and also at least one donor ligand.
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Page/Page column 12; 17
(2012/09/22)
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- FUNCTIONALIZED HIGHLY BRANCHED MELAMINE-POLYAMINE POLYMERS
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The present invention relates to a method for producing amphiphilic functionalized highly branched melamine-polyamine polymers by condensing melamine and optionally a melamine derivate having at least one different amine having at least two primary amino groups and optionally also with urea and/or at least one urea derivative and/or with at least one at least difunctional diisocyanate or polyisocyanate and/or at least one carbolic acid having at least two carboxyl groups or at least one derivative thereof, optionally quaternizing a portion of the amino groups of the polymer thereby obtained, reacting the polymer thus obtained with at least one compound capable of undergoing a condensation or addition reaction with amino groups, and optionally quaternizing at least part of the amino groups of the polymer obtained in the first step. The invention further relates to the amphiphilic functionalized highly branched melamine-polyamine polymers that can be obtained by the method according to the invention, and to the use thereof as surface active agents.
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- Metabolism of N-alkylated spermine analogues by polyamine and spermine oxidases
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N-alkylated polyamine analogues have potential as anticancer and antiparasitic drugs. However, their metabolism in the host has remained incompletely defined thus potentially limiting their utility. Here, we have studied the degradation of three different spermine analogues N,N′-bis-(3-ethylaminopropyl)butane-1,4-diamine (DESPM), N-(3-benzyl-aminopropyl)-N′-(3-ethylamino-propyl)butane-1,4-diamine (BnEtSPM) and N,N′-bis-(3-benzylaminopropyl)butane-1,4-diamine (DBSPM) and related mono-alkylated derivatives as substrates of recombinant human polyamine oxidase (APAO) and spermine oxidase (SMO). APAO and SMO metabolized DESPM to EtSPD [Km(APAO) = 10 μM, kcat(APAO) = 1.1 s -1 and Km(SMO) = 28 μM, kcat(SMO) = 0.8 s-1, respectively], metabolized BnEtSPM to EtSPD [Km(APAO) = 0.9 μM, kcat(APAO) = 1.1 s-1 and Km(SMO) = 51 μM, kcat(SMO) = 0.4 s-1, respectively], and metabolized DBSPM to BnSPD [Km(APAO) = 5.4 μM, k cat(APAO) = 2.0 s-1and Km(SMO) = 33 μM, kcat(SMO) = 0.3 s-1, respectively]. Interestingly, mono-alkylated spermine derivatives were metabolized by APAO and SMO to SPD [EtSPM Km(APAO) =16 μM, kcat(APAO) = 1.5 s -1; Km(SMO) = 25 μM, kcat(SMO) = 8.2 s -1; BnSPM Km(APAO) = 6.0 μM, kcat(APAO) = 2.8 s-1; Km(SMO) =19 μM, kcat(SMO) = 0.8 s-1, respectively]. Surprisingly, EtSPD [Km(APAO) = 37 μM, kcat(APAO) = 0.1 s-1; Km(SMO) =48 μM, kcat(SMO) = 0.05 s-1] and BnSPD [Km(APAO) = 2.5 μM, kcat(APAO) = 3.5 s-1; Km(SMO) =60 μM, kcat(SMO) = 0.54 s-1] were metabolized to SPD by both the oxidases. Furthermore, we studied the degradation of DESPM, BnEtSPM or DBSPM in the DU145 prostate carcinoma cell line. The same major metabolites EtSPD and/or BnSPD were detected both in the culture medium and intracellularly after 48 h of culture. Moreover, EtSPM and BnSPM were detected from cell samples. Present data shows that inducible SMO parallel with APAO could playanimportant roleinpolyamine based drug action, i.e. degradation of parent drug and its metabolites, having significant impact on efficiency of these drugs, and hence for the development of novel N-alkylated polyamine analogues. Springer-Verlag 2009.
- Haekkinen, Merja R.,Hyvoenen, Mervi T.,Auriola, Seppo,Casero Jr., Robert A.,Vepsaelaeinen, Jouko,Khomutov, Alex R.,Alhonen, Leena,Keinaenen, Tuomo A.
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experimental part
p. 369 - 381
(2010/11/18)
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- Chemosensor for the optical detection of aliphatic amines and diamines
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Two new chemosensor dyes with either one or two trifluoroacetophenone recognition moieties have been investigated in terms of reversibly interacting with amines and diamines. The Royal Society of Chemistry.
- Reinert, Susanne,Mohr, Gerhard J.
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p. 2272 - 2274
(2008/12/23)
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- Functionalized Photoreactive Compounds
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The present invention concerns functionalized photoreactive compounds of formula (I), that are particularly useful in materials for the alignment of liquid crystals. Due to the adjunction of an electron withdrawing group to specific molecular systems bearing an unsaturation directly attached to two unsaturated ring systems, exceptionally high photosensitivities, excellent alignment properties as well as good mechanical robustness could be achieved in materials comprising said functionalized photoreactive compounds of the invention.
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- Anion-binding polymers and uses thereof
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Anion-binding polymers are described. The anion-binding polymers in some cases are low swelling anion-binding polymers. In some cases, the anion-binding polymers have a pore volume distribution such that a fraction of the polymer is not available for non-interacting solutes above a certain percentage of the MW of the target ion for the polymer. In some cases, the anion-binding polymers are characterized by low ion-binding interference, where the interference is measured in, for example, a gastrointestinal simulant, relative to non-interfering buffer. Pharmaceutical composition, methods of use, and kits are also described.
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- Crosslinked amine polymers
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The present invention provides methods and compositions for the treatment of ion imbalances. In particular, the invention provides polymeric and pharmaceutical compositions comprising crosslinked amine polymers. Methods of use of the polymeric and pharmaceutical compositions for therapeutic and/or prophylactic benefits are disclosed herein. Examples of these methods include the treatment of renal diseases and hyperphosphatemia.
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- Fluorescent sensors for diamines
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A series of seven diamine sensors was prepared using dimers of a quinolone aldehyde chromophore. Binding to six different diamine guests was explored by a combination of NMR, absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. It was shown that the dimeric sensors bound the diamine guests by formation of a bis-iminium ion which produced large changes in the fluorescence of the quinolone core. Issues of selectivity between guests are discussed. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2005.
- Secor, Kristen,Plante, Jeffrey,Avetta, Christopher,Glass, Timothy
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p. 4073 - 4077
(2007/10/03)
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- Tetracyclic benzimidazole derivatives and combinatorial libraries thereof
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The present invention relates to novel tetracyclic benzimidazole derivative compounds of the following formula: wherein R1to R10have the meanings described in here. The invention further relates to combinatorial libraries containing two or more such compounds, as well as methods of preparing tetracyclic benzimidazole derivative compounds.
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- Process for the preparation of amines
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A single-stage process is described for the preparation of primary aliphatic polyamines of the formula in which R1and R2independently of one another are hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or aminomethyl, by reaction of polyalcohols on a Co/Ni catalyst with supercritical ammonia in the presence of hydrogen.
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- SYNTHESIS AND USE OF ALPHA-KETOAMIDE DERIVATIVES AND ARRAYS
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The invention is based on new methods for making and using compounds and arrays of novel alpha -ketoamides, and the arrays and compounds made by these methods. These novel compounds are potential inhibitors of proteolytic enzymes, particularly cysteine proteases such as cruzain. Application of the new methods has led to the identification of a number of new inhibitors, from amongst an array of about 38,000 alpha -ketoamide derivatives, having specific activity against three cysteine proteases: cruzain, papain, and cathepsing B. These compounds and other compounds identified by the methods described herein can be useful, for example, in developing pharmaceutic agents for the treatment of diseases (e.g., Chagas' disease) associated with these proteases. Although the disclosed compounds have specific activity for cruzain, papain, cathepsin B, the methods described herein can also be used to identify inhibitors of other proteases.
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- Synthesis and application prospects of 1,1-dimethylhydrazine derivatives
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1,1-Dimethylhydrazine derivatives containing cyanoethyl, aminopropyl, carboxyethyl, alkoxycarbonylethyl, amidoethyl, and hydrazidoethyl groups were prepared. The application prospects of these compounds are discussed.
- Lekomtsev,Sakhina,Malysheva,Tungusova,Volgin
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p. 2088 - 2100
(2007/10/03)
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- Hydrolysis of schiff bases in (CTAB-CHCl3-H2O) reversed micelles: Role of spacers
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The schiff bases of the type (p-C16H33O-C6H4CH = N)2(CH2)m (1, m=0, 2, 3, 4 and 6) and the ortho isomer (2, m=0, 2, 4, 6) have been synthesized and the hydrolysis of these compounds these compounds have been studied in CTAB-CHCl3-H2O reversed micellar system under acidic condition.Significant variation of the reaction rate has been observed due to variation in the number of methylene groups in the spacer and due to the change in the position of the cetyloxy group.Difference in the rate of disappearance of schiff base and appearance of the product is ascribed to a mechanism involving a carbinolamine intermediate.
- Senapati, S.,Dash, P.K.,Mishra, B.K.,Behera, G.B.
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p. 227 - 229
(2007/10/02)
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- Chromogenic lactam compounds, their preparation and their use
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Chromogenic lactam compounds of the formula STR1 in which the ring A is an aromatic or heteroaromatic radical which has 6 ring atoms and may contain a fused aromatic ring, it being possible for both the ring A and the fused ring to be substituted; the ring B is an unsubstituted or substituted benzene ring; Z is STR2 R is hydrogen; unsubstituted or substituted C1 -C12 alkyl, cycloalkyl having 5 to 10 carbon atoms; unsubstituted or substituted aryl or aralkyl; C1 -C12 acyl; N-(lower alkyl)carbamoyl; or N-arylcarbamoyl which is unsubstituted or substituted on the ring; Q is C1 -C12 alkylene, aryl-C1 -C4 alkylene, 1,2-cycloalkylene, 1,2- or 1,8-arylene or aralkylene; and X1 and X2, independently of one another, are each hydrogen; unsubstituted or substituted alkyl having a maximum of 12 carbon atoms; acyl having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; cycloalkyl having 5 to 10 carbon atoms; or unsubstituted or ring-substituted aralkyl or aryl; or (X1 and X2), together with the common nitrogen atom, are a five- or six-membered, preferably saturated, heterocyclic radical. These lactam compounds are particularly suitable as color formers in pressure- or heat-sensitive recording materials and give light-fast yellow, red, violet, blue, cyan or green shades.
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- KINETICS AND MECHANISM OF REACTION OF 1,3-DICHLOROPROPANE WITH AMMONIA
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The kinetics and reaction mechanism of 1,3-dichloropropane with aqueous ammonia were studied.It was shown that in the amination of 1,3-dichloropropane azetidine is hardly formed; however, intermediate reaction mixtures contain its dimer in an amount up to 10percent.A kinetic model was developed for the amination of 1,3-dichloropropane and the factors affecting the yield of reaction products were explained.
- Chernitskii, K. V.,Bobylev, V. A.
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p. 1720 - 1724
(2007/10/02)
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- KINETIC AND MECHANISM OF THE AMINATION OF AZETIDINE AND 1-(3-AMINOPROPYL)AZETIDINE
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The kinetics and mechanism of decyclization reactions of azetidine and 1-(3-aminopropyl)azetidine with ammonia and 1,3-propanediamine were investigated.It was shown that for these reactions specific acid catalysis is realized.It was also shown that substitution on the nitrogen atom does not appreciably influence the reactivity of the four-mmembered heterocycle.
- Chernitskii, K. V.,Bobylev, V. A.,Sharikov, F. Yu.
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p. 2385 - 2387
(2007/10/02)
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- NUCLEOPHILIC CLEAVAGE AND FORMATION OF SATURATED HETEROCYCLES. XII. REACTIVITY OF SMALL HETEROCYCLES TOWARD AMINOLYSIS AND HYDROLYSIS
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The cleavage of four-membered saturated heterocycles proceeds via a more product-like transition state than that of three-membered rings.General acid catalysis is characteristic of oxygen heterocycles, but in the case of nitrogen heterocycles catalysis is specific.The reactivity of amines in the cleavage of azetidines is linearly dependent on their pKa values, primary and secondary amines comprising separate reaction series.
- Bobylev, V. A.,Veselkov, N. Yu.,Dalin, A. R.,Sharikov, F. Yu.
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p. 1700 - 1713
(2007/10/02)
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- CYCLIC HYDROCARBONS WITH AN AMINOALKYL SIDECHAIN
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Provided are cyclic hydrocarbons of Formula I with an aminoalkyl sidechain that are useful for treating phospholipase A2 mediated conditions, diabetes, and obesity.
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- Hydroboration/Amination of N-Trimethylsilyl Protected Olefinic Amines and Diolefins: Synthesis of Isomerically Pure Diamines
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N-Trimethylsilyl protected olefinic amines and terminal diolefins were hydroborated with dimethylborane and the resulting organoboranes were treated with in situ generated chloramine or chloralkylamines to produce isomerically pure diamines or N-substituted diamines in good yields.
- Kabalka, George W.,Wang, Zhe
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p. 2113 - 2118
(2007/10/02)
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- Structure and form of solids as ruling factors for their thermochemical reactivity
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The role of structural parameters strongly influencing the course of heterogeneous solid-state reactions is established. Owing to the close relationship between the form and reactivity of solids, due emphasis must be given to detailed morphological studies. This allows the derivation of consistent correlations between the reaction mechanism on a microscopic scale and the observed macroscopic changes. Our present interests are focused on the generation of solids with 'tailor-made' specific chemical and physical properties. Starting with suitable precursors and appropriately selected experimental conditions, in particular with reactive gases such as molecular hydrogen, the controlled preparation of, for example, catalytically active finely dispersed metals or alloys, and also binary and ternary metal oxide and sulfide phases is demonstrated. Thermoanalytical techniques are applied in combination with mass spectrometry and gas chromatography.
- Oswald,Reller
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- σ-Bonded organochromiuin(III) complexes. 3. Decomposition in acid solution of chromium(III) complexes containing pyridylmethyl and polydentate amine ligands
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The decomposition of σ-bonded (pyridylmethyl)chromium complexes, 2- and 3-NC5H4CH2CrLn (L = dap (1,3-diaminopropane), dien (diethylenetriamine), trien (triethylenetetramine), and [15]aneN4 (tetraazacyclopentadecane)), was investigated in aqueous perchloric acid under aerobic conditions. Except for L = 15[ane]N4, Cr-C bond scission was preceded by complete aquation in the case of the 2-isomers and partial aquation for the 3-isomers. The aquation rates were compared with those of inorganic chromium complexes containing similar amine ligands. Kinetic data for the Cr-C bond cleavage were correlated with those for the analogous ethylenediamine (en) and aquo (H2O) systems. The activation parameters and product studies are in support of a homolytic pathway for the Cr-C bond cleavage.
- Crouse, Karen,Goh, Lai-Yoong
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p. 478 - 484
(2008/10/08)
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- Poly-bis-triazinylimides, their preparation
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Poly-bis-triazinylimides of the formula STR1 are prepared from bis-(2,4-dichloro-1,3,5-triazin-6-yl)imides and polyalkylpiperidylamines. They are used as light stabilizers for polymers.
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- Process of preparing hexahydropyrimidines
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This invention relates to hexahydropyrimidines (HHP) of the formula STR1 where R' is a substituted group and R is hydrogen or a substituted group; the process of preparing and the uses therefor, particularly as deterioration inhibitors in hydrocarbon fuels.
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- Triazine derivatives
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The invention relates to polymers of triazine compounds containing piperidine groups which may serve as low volatile and migration-resistant light stabilizers for synthetic polymers. They have the structure STR1 and are obtained from cyanuric halides, diamines and polyalkylpiperidylamino compounds.
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- Manufacture of salts of dicarboxylic acids and diamines
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A process for the manufacture of salts of alkanedicarboxylic acids of 4 to 12 carbon atoms and alkanediamines of 3 to 14 carbon atoms, comprising reacting esters of alkanols of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and alkanedicarboxylic acids of 4 to 12 carbon atoms with alkanediamines of 3 to 14 carbon atoms in stoichiometric amounts in the presence of water at an elevated temperature, with continuous removal of the alkanols formed, in which process the reaction is carried out, from the start, in the presence of the particular salt of alkanedicarboxylic acid and alkanediamine which is to be manufactured.
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- Novel polytriazine compounds
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Novel tetraalkyl piperidine radical containing polytriazine compounds are produced by reacting a dihalogen-triazine with a bifunctional compound containing amine, alcohol, mercaptan or phenol groups at least one of the bifunctional compounds containing a tetraalkyl piperidine radical. The compounds are valuable light stabilizers for synthetic polymers, particularly polyolefin in the form of fibers or films.
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- 1,3-Dioxo-2-[(methoxyphenethyl-amino)-alkyl]-4,4-dimethyl-isoquinolines and salts thereof useful as hypotensive agents
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Compounds of the formula STR1 wherein R1 is hydrogen, halogen, methoxy or methylthio, R2 is hydrogen or methoxy, n is 2 or 3, R3 is hydrogen or methyl, and R4 and R5, which may be identical to or different from each other, are each hydrogen or methoxy, and non-toxic, pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salts thereof; the compounds as well as the salts are useful as hypotensives, sedatives, antiarrhythmics and bradycardiacs.
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- Optical brightening agents of naphthalimide derivatives
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A naphthalimide derivative having the formula STR1 wherein R is an alkyl, or cycloalkyl, an aralkyl, a haloalkyl, an alkoxyalkyl, a hydroxyalkyl, an N,N-dialkylaminoalkyl, an unsubstituted or halogen-, alkyl-, alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted aryl, or an ammoniumalkyl; X is a group of the formula, STR2 wherein A is STR3 or an unsubstituted or halogen-substituted arylene, or a group of the formula, STR4 wherein R1 is hydrogen, an alkyl, phenyl, a hydroxyalkyl, or an alkoxyalkyl; Y is --CO--, --COO--, --CONR3 -- (where R3 is hydrogen or an alkyl), or --SO2 --; R2 is hydrogen, an alkyl, a cycloalkyl, an aralkyl, a haloalkyl, an alkyl- or aryl-substituted amino-alkyl, an unsubstituted or halogen-, alkyl-, alkoxy-, hydroxy-, amino- or alkylamino-substituted aryl, a group of the formula, STR5 (where R, R1 and Y are as defined above and R4 is a bivalent group), or a group of the formula, (where R5 is direct linkage or a bivalent group; Q+ is a substituted ammonium, a cycloammonium or a hydrazinium; and α- is an anion), Which is useful for optically brightening an organic polymer material.
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- 1,3-Dioxo-2-aminoalkyl-4,4-dimethyl-isoquinolines and salts thereof
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Compounds of the formula SPC1 Wherein R1 is hydrogen, halogen, methoxy or methylthio R2 is hydrogen or methoxy, n is 2 or 3, and A is SPC2 Or SPC3 Where R3 is hydrogen or methyl, R4 is pyridyl, methy-pyridyl, phenyl, chlorophenyl, trifluoromethyl-phenyl, tolyl, xylyl, ethyl-phenyl, diethyl-phenyl, methoxy-phenyl or dimethoxy-phenyl, and R5 and R6, which may be identical to or different from each other, are each hydrogen or methoxy, And non-toxic, pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salts thereof; the compounds as well as the salts are useful as hypotensives, sedatives, antiarrhythmics and bradycardiacs.
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