75-91-2

Hazards Identification

Pictogram(s):

Signal:

Warning

GHS Hazard Statements:

H341: Suspected of causing genetic defects [Warning Germ cell mutagenicity]

Precautionary Statement Codes:

P203, P281, P318, P405, and P501

Hazard Classes and Categories:

Muta. 2
Flam. Liq. 3 (90.61%)
Org. Perox. F (78.85%)
Acute Tox. 3 (40.66%)
Acute Tox. 4 (44.76%)
Acute Tox. 3 (67.91%)
Acute Tox. 4 (17.59%)
Skin Corr. 1C (85.41%)
Skin Sens. 1 (80.77%)
Eye Dam. 1 (70.74%)
Acute Tox. 2 (32.45%)
Acute Tox. 4 (51.32%)
Muta. 2 (71.38%)
Aquatic Chronic 2 (85.05%)
Skin corrosion - category 1B
Skin sensitisation - category 1
Germ cell mutagenicity - category 2
Specific target organ toxicity (single exposure) - category 3
Acute toxicity (inhalation) - category 2
Acute toxicity (ingestion) - category 4
Acute toxicity (dermal) - category 4
Specific target organ toxicity (repeated exposure) - category 2
Flammable liquids - Category 2
Organic peroxides - Type C
Acute toxicity (Oral) - Category 4
Acute toxicity (Dermal) - Category 3
Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) - Category 2
Skin corrosion/irritation - Category 1
Serious eye damage/eye irritation - Category 1
Skin sensitization - Category 1
Germ cell mutagenicity - Category 2
Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure - Category 1 (respiratory organs), Category 2 (nervous system), Category 3 (narcotic effects)
Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) - Category 2
Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) - Category 2
Organic peroxides - Type A
Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) - Category 3
Skin corrosion/irritation - Category 1A-1C
Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure - Category 2 (nervous system, blood system, respiratory system), Category 3 (narcotic effects)
Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure - Category 1 (kidney), Category 2 (blood system)
Flammable - 4th degree, Reactive - 4th degree

Hazards Summary:

TLV Basis: irritation of eyes and respiratory tract; mutagenic effects; reproductive effects; Rats exposed by inhalation 6 hours/day for 5 days had histological evidence of respiratory irritation at 91 mg/m3 but not at 20 mg/m3 (approximately 6 ppm); [ACGIH] Corrosive to skin; [Quick CPC] A corrosive substance that can cause injury to the skin, eyes and respiratory tract; [ICSC] Available as a 70% solution; Causes burns; Inhalation of high concentration can cause chemical pneumonitis; [MSDSonline]

Usage

Chemical Description

Tert-butyl hydroperoxide and dibenzoyl peroxide are organic peroxides that are commonly used as radical initiators in organic synthesis.

Uses

Used in Chemical Production:
TBHP is used as an intermediate in the production of propylene oxide and t-butyl alcohol from isobutane and propylene.
Used in Polymerization Processes:
TBHP is used as an initiator and finishing catalyst in the solution and emulsion polymerization methods for polystyrene and polyacrylates.
Used in Plastics Industry:
TBHP is used for the polymerization of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate.
Used in Bleaching and Deodorizing Operations:
TBHP is used as an oxidation and sulfonation catalyst in bleaching and deodorizing operations.
Used in Organic Synthesis:
TBHP is used as an initiator for radical polymerization and in various oxidation processes such as Sharpless epoxidation. It is involved in osmium catalyzed vicinal hydroxylation of olefins under alkaline conditions. Furthermore, it is used in catalytic asymmetric oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using binaphthol as a chiral auxiliary and in the oxidation of dibenzothiophenes. It plays an important role for the introduction of peroxy groups in organic synthesis.
Used in Safety Precautions:

Production Methods

TBHP is produced by the liquid-phase reaction of isobutane and molecular oxygen or by mixing equimolar amounts of t-butyl alcohol and 30–50% hydrogen peroxide. TBHP can also be prepared from t-butyl alcohol and 30% hydrogen peroxide in the presence of sulfuric acid or by oxidation of tert-butylmagnesium chloride. The manufacturing process of TBHP is in a closed system.

Air & Water Reactions

Water soluble.

Reactivity Profile

Most alkyl monohydroperoxides are liquid. The explosivity of the lower members (e.g., methyl hydroperoxide, or possibly, traces of the dialkyl peroxides) decreasing with increasing chain length and branching [Bretherick 2nd ed. 1979 p. 10]. Though relatively stable, explosions have been caused by distillation to dryness [Milas, JACS 1946, 68, 205] or attempted distillation at atmospheric pressure [Castrantas 1965 p. 15].

Hazard

Moderate fire risk. Oxidizer.

Health Hazard

tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is a strong irritant.Floyd and Stockinger (1958) observed thatdirect cutaneous application in rats did notcause immediate discomfort, but the delayedaction was severe. The symptoms were erythemaand edema within 2–3 days. Exposureto 500 mg in 24 hours produced asevere effect on rabbit skin, while a rinse of150 mg/min was severe to eyes.It is moderately toxic; the effects aresomewhat similar to those of MEK peroxide.Symptoms from oral administration in ratswere weakness, shivering, and prostration.LD50 value, intraperitoneal (rats): 87 mg/kgLD50 value, oral (rats): 406 mg/kg.

Flammability and Explosibility

tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is a flammable liquid and a highly reactive oxidizing agent. Pure TBHP is shock sensitive and may explode on heating. Carbon dioxide or dry chemical extinguishers should be used for fires involving tert-butyl hydroperoxide.

Safety Profile

Moderately toxic by ingestion and inhalation. A severe skin and eye irritant. Mutation data reported. At highest dosage levels, symptoms noted were severe depression, incoordmation, and cyanosis. Death was due to respiratory arrest. Very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame, or by spontaneous chemical reaction such as with reducing materials. Moderately explosive; may explode during distillation. Violent reaction with traces of acid. Concentrated solutions may ignite spontaneously on contact with molecular sieve. Mixtures with transition metal salts may react vigorously and release oxygen. Forms an unstable solution with 1,2-dichloroethane. To fight fire, use alcohol foam, CO2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and fumes. See also PEROXIDES, ORGANIC.

Carcinogenicity

A study performed to evaluate the carcinogenicity of TBHP found it was not carcinogenic when applied to the skin of mice at 16.6% of the peroxide 6 times a week for 45 weeks. However, if its application was preceded by 0.05 mg of 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide as a 0.25% solution in benzene applied 20 times over 7 weeks followed by TBHP (16.6% in benzene), then malignant skin tumors appeared between days 390 and 405 of the experiment . This supports the theory that peroxides are not complete carcinogens, but may act as promoters . The effects of TBHP on promotable and nonpromotable mouse epidermal cell culture lines were reported by Muehlematter et al. .

storage

tert-butyl hydroperoxide should be stored in the dark at room temperature (do not refrigerate) separately from oxidizable compounds, flammable substances, and acids. Reactions involving this substance should be carried out behind a safety shield.

Toxicity evaluation

TBHP accelerates oxidation of glutathione and decreases the metabolism of sodium hexobarbital in rat livers and is a strong oxidation agent.

Incompatibilities

tert-Butyl hydroperoxide and concentrated aqueous solutions of TBHP react violently with traces of acid and the salts of certain metals, including, in particular, manganese, iron, and cobalt. Mixing anhydrous tert-butyl hydroperoxide with organic and readily oxidized substances can cause ignition and explosion. TBHP can initiate polymerization of certain olefins.

Waste Disposal

Excess tert-butyl hydroperoxide and waste material containing this substance should be placed in an appropriate container, clearly labeled, and handled according to your institution's waste disposal guidelines.

InChI:InChI=1/C4H10O2/c1-4(2,3)6-5/h5H,1-3H3

Synthetic route

1-tert-butylperoxy-5-methyl-3,3-bistrifluoromethyl-1H-1,2-benziodoxole → 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(2-iodo-5-methylphenyl)-propan-2-ol (65653-64-7) + tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2)

Conditions	Yield
With 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl In cyclohexane at 81℃; for 30h; Decomposition;	A 100% B 30%

9-tert-butyl-10-methyl-9,10-dihydroacridine (123525-58-6) → tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + 10-methylacridanium + tert-butyl alcohol (75-65-0)

Conditions	Yield
With 9,10-Dicyanoanthracene; oxygen; trifluoroacetic acid; scandium tris(trifluoromethanesulfonate) In [D3]acetonitrile at 24.85℃; for 1h; Irradiation;	A n/a B 100% C n/a

tert-butylamine (75-64-9) → tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: tert-butylamine With sodium hydrogen sulfate; 1,2-dibutoxyethane; lead(IV) tetraacetate; oxalic acid at 26℃; for 2.33333h; Stage #2: With cobalt(II) nitrate at 45℃; for 4h; Temperature;	98.8%

tert-butyl alcohol (75-65-0) → tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2)

Conditions	Yield
With dihydrogen peroxide; trifluoroacetic acid In water at 5 - 90℃; for 0.0583333h; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; Flow reactor;	94.3%
With sulfuric acid; dihydrogen peroxide at 0 - 20℃; for 12h;	59%
With ferrocenedicarboxylate; water; oxygen; dinitrogen monoxide at 20℃; Rate constant; Irradiation; pH 8; pulse radiolysis; var. ferrocenes;

cyclohexane (110-82-7) + 1-tert-butylperoxy-5-methyl-3,3-bistrifluoromethyl-1H-1,2-benziodoxole (187939-68-0) → 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(2-iodo-5-methylphenyl)-propan-2-ol (65653-64-7) + tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + 1-iodocyclohexane (626-62-0) + 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-m-tolylpropan-2-ol

Conditions	Yield
at 81℃; for 30h; Decomposition; Further byproducts given;	A 3% B 1% C 94% D 94%

methanol (67-56-1) + t-butyl heptafluoroperoxybutyrate (91481-65-1) → tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + methyl heptafluorobutyrate (356-24-1) + 2,2-dimethoxy-propane (77-76-9)

Conditions	Yield
at 40℃; for 3h; Yield given. Yields of byproduct given;
In methanol at 10 - 40℃; for 3h; Rate constant; Kinetics; Thermodynamic data; ΔH(act.), ΔS(act.), various temperature;

Isopropylbenzene (98-82-8) + acetone di-tert-butylperoxyketal (4262-61-7) → tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + tert-butyl peroxyacetate (107-71-1) + dicumene (1889-67-4) + tert-butyl cumyl peroxide (3457-61-2) + acetone (67-64-1) + tert-butyl alcohol (75-65-0)

Conditions	Yield
at 120℃; for 2h; Product distribution; Kinetics; Mechanism; rate constants, ΔH(excit.), ΔS(excit.);	A 16 % Chromat. B 14 % Chromat. C 33 % Chromat. D 52 % Chromat. E 88 % Chromat. F 110 % Chromat.
at 110℃; for 4h; Mechanism;

tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (614-45-9) + aluminum ethoxide (555-75-9) → tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + ethanol (64-17-5) + acetic acid (64-19-7)

Conditions	Yield
With sulfuric acid Product distribution; Mechanism; multistep reaction;

tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (614-45-9) + aluminum isopropoxide (555-31-7) → tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + isopropyl alcohol (67-63-0)

Conditions	Yield
With sulfuric acid Product distribution; Mechanism; multistep reaction;

tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (614-45-9) + aluminium propanolate (4073-85-2) → propan-1-ol (71-23-8) + tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + propionic acid (802294-64-0)

Conditions	Yield
With sulfuric acid Product distribution; Mechanism; multistep reaction;

tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (614-45-9) → tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + sodium benzoate (532-32-1)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium hydroxide; cetyltrimethylammonium chloride at 25℃; Rate constant; basic hydrolysis with different cationic micelles with or without NaOH;

2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene (563-79-1) + azo-t-butane (15464-01-4) → 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-epoxybutane (5076-20-0) + tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + formaldehyd (50-00-0) + acetone (67-64-1) + tert-butyl alcohol (75-65-0)

Conditions	Yield
With oxygen In gas at 69.9℃; under 200 Torr; for 1.33333h; Product distribution; Irradiation; different time, temperature and oxygen pressure;

tert-butylperoxytrimethylsilane (3965-63-7) → tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + tertiary butyl chloride (507-20-0) + di-tert-butyl peroxide (110-05-4) + Hexamethyldisiloxane (107-46-0) + isobutene (115-11-7) + tert-butyl alcohol (75-65-0)

Conditions	Yield
With phosphorus trichloride In nonane Kinetics; Mechanism; other solvent : butyl methacrylate;	A 0.56 (unit not given) B 0.04 (unit not given) C 0.11 (unit not given) D 0.46 (unit not given) E 0.09 (unit not given) F 0.04 (unit not given)

tert-butyl peroxyacetate (107-71-1) + aluminum ethoxide (555-75-9) → tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + ethanol (64-17-5) + acetic acid (64-19-7)

Conditions	Yield
With sulfuric acid Product distribution; multistep reaction;

tert-butyl peroxyacetate (107-71-1) + aluminum isopropoxide (555-31-7) → tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + acetic acid (64-19-7) + isopropyl alcohol (67-63-0)

Conditions	Yield
With sulfuric acid Product distribution; Mechanism; multistep reaction;

tert-butyl peroxyacetate (107-71-1) + aluminium propanolate (4073-85-2) → propan-1-ol (71-23-8) + tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + propionic acid (802294-64-0)

Conditions	Yield
With sulfuric acid Product distribution; Mechanism; multistep reaction;

acetone di-tert-butylperoxyketal (4262-61-7) → tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + acetone (67-64-1)

Conditions	Yield
With sulfuric acid; water In 1,4-dioxane at 25℃; Kinetics; Mechanism; other aliphatic ketone di-tert-butylperoxyketals, induction and steric parameters of substituents at the carbonyl group of the ketones;
With sulfuric acid; water In 1,4-dioxane at 25℃; Equilibrium constant;

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + cyclohexene (110-83-8) → 1-(tert-butylperoxy)-2-cyclohexene (51437-25-3)

Conditions	Yield
In decane; toluene at 30℃;	100%
With [Cu(4-methyl-1,3-bis(2-pyridylimino)isoindole)(OAc)] In water	86%
With pyrazolate-based cobalt(II)-containing MFU-1 metal-organic framework at 70℃; for 2h;	11.9%

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methyl-phenol (128-37-0) → 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-(tert-butylperoxy)-4-methylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one (13154-57-9)

Conditions	Yield
With dirhodium(II) tetrakis(caprolactam) In water; 1,2-dichloro-ethane at 40℃; for 0.75h; chemoselective reaction;	99%
With tetra-(n-butyl)ammonium iodide In nonane; 1,2-dichloro-ethane at 20℃; for 24h;	99%
With cobalt naphthenate
(electrochemical oxidation);
With sodium chloride; sodium hydroxide; benzyl alcohol In water at 70℃; for 12h; Sealed tube; Green chemistry;

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + phenyl isocyanate (103-71-9) → phenyl-peroxycarbamic acid tert-butyl ester (20666-88-0)

Conditions	Yield
With copper acetylacetonate In tetrachloromethane at 20℃; for 1h; Product distribution; Mechanism;	99%
With copper acetylacetonate In benzene at 30℃; for 0.25h;	29%
With copper acetylacetonate In tetrachloromethane at 20℃; for 1h; Product distribution; Mechanism; other solvent (benzene), other temperature (30 deg C);	6%
With triethylamine In Petroleum ether

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + 3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzonitrile (95091-86-4) → 2,4-di-tert-butyl-4-tert-butylperoxy-6-cyano-2,5-cyclohexadienone

Conditions	Yield
With salcomine In dichloromethane for 0.333333h; Ambient temperature;	99%

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + oct-1-ene (111-66-0) → 1,2-Epoxyoctane (2984-50-1)

Conditions	Yield
[Ti(NMe2){c-C6H11)7Si7O12}] at 79.85℃; Kinetics; Further Variations:; Catalysts; Epoxidation;	99%

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + Cbz-(L)-Glu-OBn (3705-42-8) → 2-benzyloxycarbonylamino-4-tert-butylperoxycarbonyl-butyric acid benzyl ester

Conditions	Yield
With dmap; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide In decane; acetonitrile at -20 - 20℃; for 4h;	99%

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + {(C6H4CH2N(CH3)2)(C6H4(O)CH2N(CH3)2)Pd} → {(C6H4(O)(CH2N(CH3)2))2Pd} (63232-39-3)

Conditions	Yield
bis(acetylacetonate)oxovanadium In chloroform-d1 react. with 2.0 equiv. Me3COOH and 2mol% VO(acac)2 at 20°C;	99%
In chloroform-d1; dichloromethane addn. of CH2Cl2 and the peroxide to the Pd-complex in CDCl3, react. for 5 d;	60%
bis(acetylacetonate)oxidovanadium(IV) In chloroform-d1; dichloromethane addn. of CH2Cl2 and the peroxide to the Pd-complex and catalyst in CDCl3, react. for 1.5 h;	>99

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + 1-benzyl N-carbobenzoxy-L-glutamate (65706-99-2) → (2R)-benzyl 2-(benzyloxycarbonylamino)-5-(tert-butylperoxy)-5-oxopentanoate (592532-30-4)

Conditions	Yield
With dmap; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide In decane; dichloromethane; acetonitrile at -20 - 20℃; for 4h;	99%

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + N-(4-chloro-6-(1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-N-(prop-2-ynyl)-methanesulfonamide (1258621-51-0) → N-(4-(tert-butylperoxy)-6-(1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-N-(prop-2-ynyl)methanesulfonamide (1258621-53-2)

Conditions	Yield
With potassium hydroxide In water; acetonitrile at 0 - 50℃; Inert atmosphere;	99%

styrene (292638-84-7) + tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) → (1-(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3-dimethylbutyl)benzene (1312775-15-7)

Conditions	Yield
With iron(II) chloride In decane; acetonitrile at 85℃; for 1h; Inert atmosphere;	99%
With iron(II) chloride In decane; ethyl acetate at 80℃; for 12h; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube; Green chemistry;	79%

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dioxolane (2403-54-5) → 2-(tert-butylperoxy)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dioxolane (1449315-81-4)

Conditions	Yield
With iron(III)-acetylacetonate In decane; acetonitrile at 20 - 80℃; for 3h; Molecular sieve; Inert atmosphere;	99%

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + tert-butyl (2-methoxyphenyl)methyl ether (143741-85-9) → tert-butyl (tert-butylperoxy)(2-methoxyphenyl)methyl ether (1449315-76-7)

Conditions	Yield
With iron(III)-acetylacetonate In decane; acetonitrile at 20 - 80℃; for 3h; Molecular sieve; Inert atmosphere;	99%

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + benzyl methacrylate (2495-37-6) + pivalaldehyde (630-19-3) → C19H30O4 (1415690-07-1)

Conditions	Yield
With iron(II) chloride In decane; acetonitrile at 85℃; for 1h; Inert atmosphere;	99%

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + 4-methoxybenzoic acid (100-09-4) → methyl 4-methoxybenzoate (121-98-2)

Conditions	Yield
With copper quinolate In water; dimethyl sulfoxide at 120℃; for 24h; Solvent;	99%
With copper doped mesoporous polymelamine-formaldehyde In water; dimethyl sulfoxide at 100℃; for 16h; Catalytic behavior;	97%

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + benzaldehyde (100-52-7) → benzoic acid methyl ester (93-58-3)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: tert.-butylhydroperoxide; benzaldehyde In water; dimethyl sulfoxide Stage #2: In water; dimethyl sulfoxide at 100℃; for 20h; Sealed tube;	99%
With copper (II)-fluoride In water; dimethyl sulfoxide at 120℃; for 12h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; Green chemistry;	65%

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + 3-Methylindole (83-34-1) + isovaleraldehyde (590-86-3) → 1-(1-(tert-butylperoxy)-3-methylbutyl)-3-methyl-indole

Conditions	Yield
With toluene-4-sulfonic acid In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 0.5h; chemoselective reaction;	99%
With toluene-4-sulfonic acid In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 0.5h;	99%

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + 2-(2-(5-methoxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (55747-66-5) + isovaleraldehyde (590-86-3) → C28H34N2O5

Conditions	Yield
With toluene-4-sulfonic acid In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 0.5h; chemoselective reaction;	99%

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + bis{rhodium[3,3'-(1,3-phenylene)bis(2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid)]} + 2-(phenylthio)ethanol (699-12-7) → Rh2(α,α,α′,α′-tetramethyl-1,3-benzenedipropanoate)2-bis-2-(phenylsulfinyl)ethanol

Conditions	Yield
In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 9h;	99%

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + tri(p-tolyl)antimony (5395-43-7) + 2,4,6-tribromophenol (118-79-6) + benzene (71-43-2) → μ2-oxobis[(2,4,6-tribromophenoxo)tris(para-tolyl)antimony] benzene monosolvate

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: tert.-butylhydroperoxide; tri(p-tolyl)antimony; 2,4,6-tribromophenol In diethyl ether at 20℃; for 24h; Stage #2: benzene In n-heptane	99%

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + tris(3-fluorophenyl)antimony + Pentafluorobenzoic acid (602-94-8) → μ2-oxobis[pentafluorobenzoatetri(3-fluorophenyl)-antimony]

Conditions	Yield
In diethyl ether at 20℃; for 24h;	99%

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + pentafluoropropionic acid (422-64-0) + tri(p-tolyl)antimony (5395-43-7) → μ2-oxobis[tri(4-methylphenyl)pentafluoropropanoateantimony]

Conditions	Yield
In diethyl ether at 20℃; for 24h;	99%

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + 2-chloro-benzaldehyde (89-98-5) → methyl chlorobenzoate (610-96-8)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: tert.-butylhydroperoxide; 2-chloro-benzaldehyde In water; dimethyl sulfoxide Stage #2: In water; dimethyl sulfoxide at 100℃; for 20h; Sealed tube;	99%

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + 2-fluoro-6-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid (32890-94-1) → methyl 2-fluoro-6-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate (153556-50-4)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: tert.-butylhydroperoxide; 2-fluoro-6-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid In water; dimethyl sulfoxide Stage #2: In water; dimethyl sulfoxide at 100℃; for 20h; Sealed tube;	99%

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + 2-ethylhexanoic acid chloride (760-67-8) → tertiary butyl per-2-ethylhexanoate (3006-82-4)

Conditions	Yield
With potassium hydroxide In water at 27 - 35℃;	98.5%
With potassium hydroxide In water at 27 - 35℃; Product distribution / selectivity; Industry scale;	98.5%
In water at 40 - 45℃; Product distribution / selectivity;	90%
With 1-methyl-1H-imidazole at 25 - 35℃; Product distribution / selectivity;	88%

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + isononanoyl chloride (36727-29-4) → tert-butyl peroxy-3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate

Conditions	Yield
With potassium hydroxide In water at 25℃;	98.2%
With potassium hydroxide In water at 25℃; Product distribution / selectivity; Industry scale;	98.2%

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + 2-Iodobenzoyl chloride (609-67-6) → tert-butyl 2-iodobenzoperoxoate (10568-20-4)

Conditions	Yield
With pyridine; dichloromethane In dichloromethane at -20℃; for 4.5h; Inert atmosphere;	98%
With pyridine In dichloromethane at -20 - 20℃; Oxidation;	90%

tert.-butylhydroperoxide (75-91-2) + 4-nitro-benzoyl chloride (122-04-3) → tert-butyl 4-nitrobenzoperoxoate (16166-61-3)

Conditions	Yield
With pyridine In dichloromethane at -20 - 20℃; Oxidation;	98%
Stage #1: 4-nitro-benzoyl chloride With pyridine In dichloromethane at -20℃; for 0.166667h; Stage #2: tert.-butylhydroperoxide In dichloromethane at -20℃; for 4h; Further stages.;	98%
With pyridine In dichloromethane at -20℃; for 4h; Inert atmosphere;	98%

Upstream product

• 614-45-9 tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate 
• 124-41-4 sodium methylate 
• 17011-26-6 tert-butyl hydrogen sulfate 
• 75-28-5 Isobutane 
• 507-20-0 tertiary butyl chloride 
• 677-22-5 tert-butylmagnesium chloride 
• 75-65-0 tert-butyl alcohol 
• 100-42-5 styrene 
• 4262-61-7 acetone di-tert-butylperoxyketal 
• 67-56-1 methanol 
• 91481-65-1 t-butyl heptafluoroperoxybutyrate 
• 98-82-8 Isopropylbenzene 
• 555-75-9 aluminum ethoxide 
• 555-31-7 aluminum isopropoxide 

Downstream Products

• 15476-85-4 t-butyl 2-hydroxyethyl peroxide 
• 15325-43-6 N-Piperidinomethyl-tert-butylperoxid 
• 38036-63-4 meso-α.α'-dibenzoyloxy-bibenzyl 
• 16166-61-3 tert-butyl 4-nitrobenzoperoxoate 
• 25432-20-6 tert-butyl ethyl sulfoxide 
• 107-71-1 tert-butyl peroxyacetate 
• 3236-56-4 dipercarbonate de O,O-t-butyle 
• 17742-78-8 hydroxymethyl tert-butyl peroxide 
• 3965-63-7 tert-butylperoxytrimethylsilane 
• 3457-61-2 tert-butyl cumyl peroxide 
• 2123-88-8 Peroxylaurinsaeure-tert.-butylester 
• 1121-18-2 2-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one 
• 1193-18-6 3-methylcyclohexen-2-one 
• 21378-21-2 3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-ol 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Synthesis and purification method of high-purity tert-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexyl carbonate

The invention belongs to the fields of peroxidation, organic synthesis and peroxide purification, and particularly relates to a synthesis and purification method of tert-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexyl carbonate, which comprises the steps of peroxidation reaction, substitution synthesis reaction, peroxide purification and the like. According to the method, the discharge of the waste liquid and the treatment cost of subsequent waste liquid are reduced, the reaction conditions are easy to control, the product yield is high, and the product purity is high and can reach 99% or above.

Waste liquid treatment process in TPO production process and device thereof

The invention relates to a waste liquid treatment process and device in a TPO production process, in particular to a waste liquid treatment process and device based on oxidant cyclic utilization in the TPO production process. The method comprises the following steps: mixing the synthetic waste liquid with sulfuric acid and water, carrying out esterification reaction to obtain a material phase, further carrying out mixing reaction on the material phase and hydrogen peroxide, carrying out liquid separation to obtain a tert-butyl hydroperoxide phase, and carrying out alkali washing to obtain tert-butyl hydroperoxide; tert-butyl hydroperoxide can return to a TPO synthesis section to be used as an oxidizing agent for preparing TPO; by adopting the process, the problem of high treatment cost ofthe synthetic waste liquid in the TPO production process is solved; and through the waste liquid treatment process, the resource utilization of the synthetic waste liquid is realized, the raw materialpurchasing and process production costs of the TPO production process are greatly reduced, and the economic value is obvious.

Selective Functionalization of Hydrocarbons Using a ppm Bioinspired Molecular Tweezer via Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer

An expanded porphyrin-biscopper hexaphyrin was introduced as a bioinspired molecular tweezer to co-catalyze functionalization of C(sp3)-H bonds. Theoretical and experimental investigations suggested that the biscopper hexaphyrin served as a molecular tweezer to mimic the enzymatic orientation/proximity effect, efficiently activating the N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) via light-free proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET), at an exceptionally low catalyst loading of 10 mol ppm. The resulting N-oxyl radical (PINO) was versatile for chemoselective C-H oxidation and amination of hydrocarbons.

Waste liquid treatment device in TPO production technology

The utility model relates to a waste liquid treatment device in TPO production technology, including be used for synthetic waste liquid. The bottom of the esterification reaction kettle is provided with first discharge outlets for discharging the material phase, first discharge ports are connected with the material-phase charging ports of the synthesis reaction kettle. In the device, the synthetic waste liquid in the esterification reaction kettle is subjected to esterification reaction and liquid separation to obtain the material phase. The material phase enters the synthesis reaction kettle, and is mixed with hydrogen peroxide to react, divide liquid and alkali to obtain tert-butyl peroxide. The waste liquid treatment device realizes resource utilization of the synthetic waste liquid, contains TPO synthesis section oxidant, greatly reduces raw material purchasing and process production cost TPO production technology, and has obvious economic value.

PROCESS AND SYSTEM TO MAKE SUBSTITUTED LACTONES

A process for oxidizing iso-butane with oxygen to produce t-butyl hydroperoxide and t-butyl alcohol; dehydrating at least a portion of the t-butyl alcohol to produce di-tert-butyl ether and isobutylene; epoxidizing at least a portion of the isobutylene with the t-butyl hydroperoxide to produce isobutylene oxide and t-butyl alcohol; and carbonylating at least a portion of the isobutylene oxide with carbon monoxide to produce pivalolactone.

ONLINE CONTINUOUS FLOW PROCESS FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF ORGANIC PEROXIDES USING HYDROGEN PEROXIDE AS RAW MATERIAL

An online continuous flow production process for directly preparing organic peroxides by using hydrogen peroxide as a raw material. This production process uses hydrogen peroxide, catalyst, and an oxidation substrate as a raw material. Substrate will be turned to designated peroxides sequentially through oxidation and workup. This process is performed in a plug-and-produce integrated continuous flow reactor, and the raw materials are continuously fed to the reactor. So, specified peroxide can be continuously obtained at the outlet of the plug-and-produce integrated continuous flow reactor.

Method for preparing tert-butyl hydroperoxide

The invention relates to a method for preparing tert-butyl hydroperoxide. The method comprises the following step that a contact reaction is carried out on tert-butyl alcohol, isopropanol and oxygen in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst contains a titanium-silicon molecular sieve. The method is simple in process, no additional solvent is needed, and the conversion rate of the raw materials and selectivity of products are high.

Tert-butyl hydroperoxide preparation method

The invention relates to the field of production of tert-butyl hydroperoxide, and discloses a tert-butyl hydroperoxide preparation method, which comprises that a liquid mixture containing tert-butanoland an oxidizing agent flows through a catalyst bed layer under an oxidation reaction condition, wherein the catalyst bed layer comprises a first catalyst bed layer and a second catalyst bed layer, the first catalyst bed layer is positioned on the upstream of the second catalyst bed layer by using the flowing direction of the liquid mixture as the reference, the first catalyst bed layer is loadedwith a titanium-silicon molecular sieve, and the second catalyst bed layer is loaded with a titanium-silicon-aluminum molecular sieve. With the method of the present invention, the high tert-butanolconversion rate and the high tert-butyl hydroperoxide selectivity can be obtained.

Synthetic method for drug intermediate tert-butyl hydroperoxide

The invention discloses a synthetic method for the drug intermediate tert-butyl hydroperoxide. The synthetic method comprises the following steps: adding 2-methyl-2-propylamine and a sodium sulfate solution into a reaction vessel, controlling a stirring speed to be 130-160 rpm, controlling a solution temperature to be 20-26 DEG C, adding lead tetraacetate and an ethylene glycol dibutyl ether solution, adding an oxalic acid solution in batches within 30-50 min, and continuing a reaction for 70-90 min; and then adding cobalt nitrate powder, raising the solution temperature to 40-45 DEG C, continuing the reaction for 2-4 h, lowering the temperature to 5-10 DEG C, subjecting the obtained solution to layering, carrying out washing with a potassium nitrate solution for 20-30 min, then carrying out washing with an ethyl bromide solution for 40-60 min, carrying out recrystallization in a 1-pentene solution, and then carrying out dehydration with a dehydrating agent so as to obtain the finishedtert-butyl hydroperoxide.

Sodium difluoromethanesulfinate—A difluoromethylating agent toward protonated heterocyclic bases

Free radical difluoromethylation of protonated heteroaromatic bases was accomplished using sodium difluoromethanesulfinate in combination with tert-butyl hydroperoxide in a two-phase system (methylene chloride–water) at room temperature. The difluoromethylation products of methyl pyridine-4-carboxylate, pyridine-4-carbonitrile, and 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole were isolated on a preparative scale.