105-37-3Relevant articles and documents
Effect of functional groups in organic chlorides on radical reduction with hydrostannane under microwave irradiation
Nishimoto, Yoshihiro,Yazawa, Satoshi,Kiyokawa, Kensuke,Kajiki, Takahito,Tsukahara, Yasunori,Yamauchi, Tomohisa,Wada, Yuji,Baba, Akio,Yasuda, Makoto
, p. 1116 - 1118 (2017)
The effect of functional groups on the activation of molecules by microwave irradiation in the reduction of organic chlorides by Bu3SnH was investigated. The reactivity of a substrate with a hydroxy group increased under microwave heating conditions in comparison with conventional heating.
Efficient method for oxidation of ketones to esters with 4-aminoperoxybenzoic acid supported on silica gel
Ghazanfari, Dadkhoda,Hashemi, Mohammed M.,Shahidi-Zandi, Mehdi
, p. 2037 - 2042 (2008)
4-Aminoperoxybenzoic acid supported on silica gel was found to be a versatile and efficient oxidant for the oxidation of ketones to esters. Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
High density monolayer of diisocyanide on gold surface as a platform of supported Rh-catalyst for selective 1,4-hydrogenation of α,β- unsaturated carbonyl compounds
Jagtap,Kaji,Fukuoka,Hara
, p. 5046 - 5048 (2014)
A high density monolayer of diisocyanide on gold surface was utilized as a platform of supported Rh catalyst for selective 1,4-hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. The catalyst exhibited high turnover numbers in a range of 50-000 to 150-000 per Rh atom and showed steady catalyst performance over six recycle usages.
Mechanisms of the homogeneous, unimolecular gas-phase elimination kinetics of triethyl orthoacetate and triethyl orthopropionate
Marquez, Edgar,Tosta, Maria,Dominguez, Rosa M.,Herize, Armando,Chuchani, Gabriel
, p. 666 - 669 (2008)
Triethyl orthoacetate and triethyl orthopropionate were pyrolyzed in a static system over the temperature range of 291-351°C and pressure range of 80-170 Torr. The elimination reactions of these orthoesters in seasoned vessels are homogeneous, unimolecular, and follow a first-order rate law. The reaction products are ethanol, ethylene and the corresponding ethyl ester. The Arrhenius expressions of these eliminations were found as follow: for triethyl orthoacetate, log k1 (s-1) = (13.76 ± 0.09) - (187.6 ± 1.1) KJ mol-1 (2.303 RT)-1 (r = 0.9993), and for triethyl orthopropionate, log k1 (s-1) = (13.63 ± 0.07) - (193.3 ± 1.8) kJ mol-1 (2.303 RT) -1 (r = 0.9992). A reasonable mechanism of these elimination is to consider that the C-OCH2CH3 bond, as Cδ+. ..δ+ OCH2CH3 in the TS, is the rate-determining step. The nucleophilicity of the oxygen atom of OCH 2CH3 may abstract the hydrogen of the adjacent C-H bond for a four-membered cyclic structure to give the corresponding unsaturated ketal. The unstable ketal intermediate decomposes, in a six-membered cyclic transition state, into ethylene and the corresponding ethyl ester. Copyright
Magnetically recoverable AlFe/Te nanocomposite as a new catalyst for the facile esterification reaction under neat conditions
Alavi, Seyed Jamal,Sadeghian, Hamid,Seyedi, Seyed Mohammad,Eshghi, Hossein,Salimi, Alireza
, (2018)
In this work, a new Fe3O4/AlFe/Te nanocomposite was synthesized by a one-step sol–gel method. The Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were prepared and then mixed with aluminum telluride (Al2Te3) in an alkali medium to produce the desired catalyst. After characterization of the Fe3O4/AlFe/Te nanocomposite by SEM, TEM, EDS, XRD, and ICP analyses, it was used in the esterification reaction. This heterogeneous catalyst showed high catalytic activity in the esterification of commercially available carboxylic acids with various alcohols to produce the desired esters at high conversions under neat conditions. The Fe3O4/AlFe/Te nanocomposites were separated from the reaction mixture via an external magnet and re-used 8 times without significant loss of catalytic activity.
Catalytic Reaction of Methanol with a Series of Ruthenium(II) Complexes and the Mechanism of the Formation of Acetic Acid from Methanol Alone
Yamakawa, Tetsu,Hiroi, Masayuki,Shinoda, Sumio
, p. 2265 - 2270 (1994)
The catalytic abilities of a series of ruthenium(II) complexes containing zero, one and two SnCl3(1-) ligands, 4> 1, 4> 2 and 3> 3, have been compared in the reaction of methanol to form acetic acid (and/or methyl acetate due to esterification), as well as their reactions with the possible intermediates (formaldehyde, methyl formate) in the overall reaction.It was found that the formation of acetic acid from methanol occured only with 3, which also converted paraformaldehyde or methyl formate into acetic acid.Complex 1 showed only a catalytic activity for the Tischenko-type dimerization (2 HCHO -> HCO2Me), and 2 exhibited an intermediate character, being able to catalyse the two reactions (2 HCHO -> HCO2Me, HCO2Me -> MeCO2H) but unable to react with methanol.Based on kinetic results for the reaction of methanol with 3, a possible reaction pathway is proposed where methyl formate and acetic acid are formed from formaldehyde competitively sharing a common reaction path.For the isomerization of methyl formate as a substrate a separate reaction path is suggested, where the Ru(II)-Sn(II) bimetallic centre of 2 and 3 converts the co-ordinated HCO2Me into a five-membered acetate bridge.
Reduction of conjugate double bonds with trichlorosilane
Chauhan, Moni,Boudjouk, Philip
, p. 1396 - 1398 (2000)
A variety of α,β-unsaturated esters and cyclic ketones underwent smooth reduction of the carbon-carbon double bond with a combination of inexpensive and readily available trichlorosilane and CoCl2. The reactions are performed under very mild conditions and products are obtained in high yields.
Efficient palladium and ruthenium nanocatalysts stabilized by phosphine functionalized ionic liquid for selective hydrogenation
Wu, Zhifeng,Jiang, Heyan
, p. 34622 - 34629 (2015)
Pd and Ru nanoparticles were synthesized in ionic liquid by using tri(m-sulfonyl)triphenyl phosphine 1-butyl-2,3-dimethyl-imidazolium salt ([BMMIM]3[tppt]) as a stabilizing agent. The well-dispersed Pd and Ru NPs with mean diameters of 2.4 nm and 1.7 nm were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was demonstrated that [BMMIM]3[tppt] stabilized Pd and Ru NPs displayed high activity and excellent selectivity in the hydrogenation of functionalized olefins, aromatic nitro compounds and aromatic aldehydes. The Pd and Ru NPs showed better catalytic performance than corresponding commercially available Pd/C and Ru/C catalysts. The present catalytic system could be easily reused at least six times without significant decrease in activity and selectivity.
Kinetics of catalytic esterification of propionic acid with different alcohols over amberlyst 15
Ali, Sami H.
, p. 432 - 448 (2009)
The kinetics of the esterification reaction between propionic acid and methanol, ethanol, and 1-butanol over the ion exchange resin, Amberlyst 15, was investigated. Experiments were conducted using a fixed-bed plug flow reactor over the temperature range of 298-328 K. Acid to alcohol molar ratios of 3:1, 1:1, and 1:3 were employed. For each esterification system, the equilibrium conversion of propionic acid was found to increase with increasing reaction temperature. Several kinetic models were tested to correlate the collected data under kinetically controlled conditions; the pseudo-homogeneous (P-H), Eley-Rideal (E-R), Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H), and Poepken (P-P) models. In all cases, the activity coefficients were estimated using the UNIFAC model to account for the nonideal thermodynamic behavior of the reactants and products. The P-P model was found to best represent the kinetic data of the investigated esterification systems with a total average error of less than 3%. The increase of alcohol chain length had a negative impact on the conversion of propionic acid due to steric hindrance. The activation energy of the esterification reaction is influenced by the chain length of the alcohol used. The adsorption equilibrium constants estimated by the P-P model and the solubility parameters reported by AICHE DIPPER followed the same trend; ester acid alcohol water.
Oxidative functionalization of methane in the presence of a homogeneous rhodium-copper-chloride catalytic system: Transformation of acetic and propionic acids as solvent components
Chepaikin,Bezruchenko,Menchikova,Moiseeva,Gekhman,Moiseev
, p. 133 - 142 (2011)
The oxidative functionalization of methane (O2, CO, 95°C, Rh III/CuI, II/Cl- catalytic system) was studied in an aqueous acetic or propionic acid medium. It was shown that oxidative decarbonylation of carboxylic acids takes place along with methanol and methyl carboxylate formation.
