- A General Cp*CoIII-Catalyzed Intramolecular C?H Activation Approach for the Efficient Total Syntheses of Aromathecin, Protoberberine, and Tylophora Alkaloids
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Herein, we report a Cp*CoIII-catalyzed C?H activation approach as the key step to create highly valuable isoquinolones and pyridones as building blocks that can readily be applied in the total syntheses of a variety of aromathecin, protoberberine, and tylophora alkaloids. This particular C?H activation/annulation reaction was achieved with several terminal as well as internal alkyne coupling partners delivering a broad scope with excellent functional group tolerance. The synthetic applicability of this protocol reported herein was demonstrated in the total syntheses of two Topo-I-Inhibitors and two 8-oxyprotoberberine cores that can be further elaborated into the tetrahydroprotoberberine and the protoberberine alkaloid core. Moreover these building blocks were also transformed to six different tylophora alkaloids in expedient fashion.
- Lerchen, Andreas,Knecht, Tobias,Koy, Maximilian,Daniliuc, Constantin G.,Glorius, Frank
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Read Online
- Metal-free oxidative self-coupling of aldehydes or alcohols to symmetric carboxylic anhydrides
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A metal-free synthesis of symmetrical anhydrides has been developed starting from aldehydes, both aliphatic and aromatic or primary benzylic alcohols. The reaction occurs at room temperature and makes use of trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA) as an oxidant providing the desired carboxylic anhydrides in satisfactory yields.
- Gaspa, Silvia,Porcheddu, Andrea,De Luca, Lidia
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- Synthesis of N-[4-(alkyl)cyclohexyl]-substituted benzamides with anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities
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Two series of N-[4-(alkyl)cyclohexyl]-substituted benzamides, i.e. a series of N-[4-(tert-butyl)cyclohexyl]-substituted benzamides and a series of N-[4-(ethyl)cyclohexyl]-substituted benzamides, were synthesised and evaluated for their anti-inflammatory and analgesic potencies, and gastrointestinal irritation liability. Copyright (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A.
- Pau, Amedeo,Boatto, Gianpiero,Palomba, Michele,Asproni, Battistina,Cerri, Riccardo,Palagiano, Francesco,Filippelli, Walter,Falcone, Giuseppe,Motola, Giulia
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- 4,5-Diaryl 3(2H)Furanones: Anti-inflammatory activity and influence on cancer growth
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Apart from their anti-inflammatory action, COX inhibitors have gathered the interest of many scientists due to their potential use for the treatment and prevention of cancer. It has been shown that cyclooxygenase inhibitors restrict cancer cell growth and are able to interact with known antitumor drugs, enhancing their in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity. The permutation of hydrophilic and hydrophobic aryl groups in COX inhibitors leads to cardinal changes in the biological activity of the compounds. In the present study, thirteen heterocyclic coxib-like 4,5-diarylfuran-3(2H)-ones and their annelated derivatives-phenanthro[9,10-b]furan-3-ones-were synthesized and studied for anti-inflammatory and COX-1/2 inhibitory action and for their cytotoxic activity on the breast cancer (MCF-7) and squamous cell carcinoma (HSC-3) cell lines. The F-derivative of the -SOMe substituted furan-3(2H)-ones exhibited the best activity (COX-1 IC50 = 2.8 μM, anti-inflammatory activity (by carrageenan paw edema model) of 54% (dose 0.01 mmol/kg), and MCF-7 and HSC-3 cytotoxicity with IC50 values of 10 μM and 7.5 μM, respectively). A cytotoxic effect related to the COX-1 inhibitory action was observed and a synergistic effect with the anti-neoplastic drugs gefitinib and 5-fluorouracil was found. A phenanthrene derivative exhibited the best synergistic effect with gefitinib.
- Semenok, Dmitrii,Medvedev, Jury,Giassafaki, Lefki-P.,Lavdas, Iason,Vizirianakis, Ioannis S.,Eleftheriou, Phaedra,Gavalas, Antonis,Petrou, Anthi,Geronikaki, Athina
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- Equilibrium and Dynamic Dielectric Properties of Acrylate Polymers with (Phenyl)(4-chlorophenyl)methanone Groups in Their Structure
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The curves describing the relaxation behavior of poly(4-(acryloxy)phenyl)(4-chlorophenyl)methanone at several frequencies present in the dielectric loss-temperature plane a β relaxation centered at -76 deg C at 10 Hz, whose activation energy shows a slight tendency to increase as the temperature goes up.The relaxation spectra exhibit an ostensible glass-rubber relaxation or α process centered at 106 deg C at 10 Hz, in which free charge conductivity and blocking electrode phenomena become dominant at frequencies below 10 Hz.An electric model is used to separate the dipolar response from conductivity contributions in the glass-rubber relaxation, and the dipole time correlation function for this process is obtained at several temperatures.The intramolecular correlation coefficient gintra, determined from dielectric measurements in solution, is somewhat larger than the coefficient g involving both intra- and intermolecular interactions, obtained from dielectric measurements in the bulk.A rotational state scheme is developed which gives a good account of the intramolecular dipolar correlation coefficient.Finally whereas the relaxation mechanisms involved in the glass-rubber relaxation seem to be governed by the volume, the conductive processes exhibit Arrhenius behavior.
- Nunes, R.C.,Diaz-Calleja, R.,Pinto, M.,Saiz, E.,Riande, E.
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- Remarkably Efficient Iridium Catalysts for Directed C(sp2)-H and C(sp3)-H Borylation of Diverse Classes of Substrates
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Here we describe the discovery of a new class of C-H borylation catalysts and their use for regioselective C-H borylation of aromatic, heteroaromatic, and aliphatic systems. The new catalysts have Ir-C(thienyl) or Ir-C(furyl) anionic ligands instead of the diamine-type neutral chelating ligands used in the standard C-H borylation conditions. It is reported that the employment of these newly discovered catalysts show excellent reactivity and ortho-selectivity for diverse classes of aromatic substrates with high isolated yields. Moreover, the catalysts proved to be efficient for a wide number of aliphatic substrates for selective C(sp3)-H bond borylations. Heterocyclic molecules are selectively borylated using the inherently elevated reactivity of the C-H bonds. A number of late-stage C-H functionalization have been described using the same catalysts. Furthermore, we show that one of the catalysts could be used even in open air for the C(sp2)-H and C(sp3)-H borylations enabling the method more general. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that the active catalytic intermediate is the Ir(bis)boryl complex, and the attached ligand acts as bidentate ligand. Collectively, this study underlines the discovery of new class of C-H borylation catalysts that should find wide application in the context of C-H functionalization chemistry.
- Chattopadhyay, Buddhadeb,Hassan, Mirja Md Mahamudul,Hoque, Md Emdadul
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supporting information
p. 5022 - 5037
(2021/05/04)
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- Immobilization of (l)-valine and (l)-valinol on SBA-15 nanoporous silica and their application as chiral heterogeneous ligands in the Cu-catalyzed asymmetric allylic oxidation of alkenes
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SBA-15 nanoporous silica was synthesized by hydrothermal method using P123 surfactant and tetraethoxyortosilicate in acidic condition and then functionalized by 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane. Next, by immobilization of chiral amino acid (S)-2-amino-3-methyl butanoic acid (l-valine) and chiral amino alcohol (S)-2-amino-3-methylbutane-1-ol (l-valinol), preparedviathe reduction ofl-valine by NaBH4/I2in THF, on functionalized-SBA-15, chiral heterogeneous ligands AL*-i-Pr-SBA-15 and AA*-i-Pr-SBA-15 were prepared and characterized by FT-IR, XRD, TGA, EDX, SEM, BET-BJH techniques. The asymmetric allylic oxidation of alkenes was done using copper-complexes of these ligands and the as-synthesized peresters. The reactions were optimized by varying various parameters such as temperature, solvent, amount of chiral heterogeneous ligand, as well as the type and amount of copper salt. Under optimized conditions, 6 mg of AL*-i-Pr-SBA-15 and 3.2 mol% of Cu(CH3CN)4PF6in acetonitrile at 50 °C, the chiral allylic ester was obtained with 80% yield and 39% enantiomeric excess in 24 h. The recyclability of the chiral heterogeneous catalysts was also evaluated without significant reduction in the reaction results up to three runs.
- Samadi, Saadi,Ashouri, Akram,Rashid, Hersh I,Majidian, Shiva,Mahramasrar, Mahsa
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supporting information
p. 17630 - 17641
(2021/10/04)
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- PCl3-mediated transesterification and aminolysis of tert-butyl esters via acid chloride formation
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A PCl3-mediated conversion of tert-butyl esters into esters and amides in one-pot under air is developed. This novel protocol is highlighted by the synthesis of skeletons of bioactive molecules and gram-scale reactions. Mechanistic studies revealed that this transformation involves the formation of an acid chloride in situ, which is followed by reactions with alcohols or amines to afford the desired products.
- Wu, Xiaofang,Zhou, Lei,Li, Fangshao,Xiao, Jing
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p. 491 - 497
(2021/01/20)
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- Photochemical Activation of Aromatic Aldehydes: Synthesis of Amides, Hydroxamic Acids and Esters
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A cheap, facile and metal-free photochemical protocol for the activation of aromatic aldehydes has been developed. Utilizing thioxanthen-9-one as the photocatalyst and cheap household lamps as the light source, a variety of aromatic aldehydes have been activated and subsequently converted in a one-pot reaction into amides, hydroxamic acids and esters in good to high yields. The applicability of this method was highlighted in the synthesis of Moclobemide, a drug against depression and social anxiety. Extended and detailed mechanistic studies have been conducted, in order to determine a plausible mechanism for the reaction.
- Nikitas, Nikolaos F.,Apostolopoulou, Mary K.,Skolia, Elpida,Tsoukaki, Anna,Kokotos, Christoforos G.
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supporting information
p. 7915 - 7922
(2021/05/03)
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- One-step Conversion of Amides and Esters to Acid Chlorides with PCl3
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A general and efficient iodine-promoted chlorination of amides and esters with phosphorus trichloride is described. For the first time. Various inactivated amides including secondary and tertiary amides were directly converted to the corresponding acid chlorides in one-step. The substrate scope of methyl esters including aromatic and aliphatic esters was also explored under this system. This method is simple, scalable and wide in scope, which provides an approach to preparation of these acid chlorides.
- Li, Fangshao,Wu, Xiaofang,Guo, Fengzhe,Tang, Zi-Long,Xiao, Jing
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supporting information
p. 4314 - 4317
(2021/07/16)
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- A practical chlorination of tert-butyl esters with PCl3 generating acid chlorides
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For the first time, using PCl3, a range of tert-butyl esters is chlorinated successfully, allowing access of both aromatic acid chlorides and aliphatic acid chlorides in good yields. The method features simple reaction conditions and wide substrate scope. Various tert-butyl esters including aryl esters, alkenyl esters, and alkyl esters were tolerated well in the reaction. A plausible mechanism is proposed.
- Wu, Xiaofang,Zhou, Lei,Yang, Ruoqi,Guo, Fengzhe,Tang, Zi-Long,Xiao, Jing
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p. 301 - 304
(2020/01/29)
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- Palladium-Catalyzed Chlorocarbonylation of Aryl (Pseudo)Halides Through In Situ Generation of Carbon Monoxide
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An efficient palladium-catalyzed chlorocarbonylation of aryl (pseudo)halides that gives access to a wide range of carboxylic acid derivatives has been developed. The use of butyryl chloride as a combined CO and Cl source eludes the need for toxic, gaseous carbon monoxide, thus facilitating the synthesis of high-value products from readily available aryl (pseudo)halides. The combination of palladium(0), Xantphos, and an amine base is essential to promote this broadly applicable catalytic reaction. Overall, this reaction provides access to a great variety of carbonyl-containing products through in situ transformation of the generated aroyl chloride. Combined experimental and computational studies support a reaction mechanism involving in situ generation of CO.
- Bismuto, Alessandro,Boehm, Philip,Morandi, Bill,Roediger, Sven
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supporting information
p. 17887 - 17896
(2020/08/19)
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- Light-Switchable Antagonists for the Histamine H1 Receptor at the Isolated Guinea Pig Ileum
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The histamine H1 G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) plays an important role in allergy and inflammation. Existing drugs that address the H1 receptor differ in their chemical structure, pharmacology, and side effects. Light-controllable spatial and temporal activity regulation of photochromic H1 ligands may contribute to a better mechanistic understanding and the development of improved correlations between ligand structure and pharmacologic effects. We report photochromic H1 receptor ligands, which were investigated in an organ-pharmacological assay. Initially, five photochromic azobenzene derivatives of reported dual H1–H4 receptor antagonists were designed, synthesized, photochemically characterized, and organ-pharmacologically tested on the isolated guinea pig ileum. Among them, one compound [trans-19: (Z)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-N-(4-((E)-phenyldiazenyl)phenyl)methanimine] retained the antagonistic activity of its non-photochromic lead, and trans–cis isomerization by irradiation induced a fourfold difference in the pharmacological response. Further structural optimization resulted in two bathochromically shifted derivatives of 19 [NO2-substituted 35 {(Z)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-N-(4-((E)-(4-nitrophenyl)diazenyl)phenyl)methanimine} and SO3?-substituted 41 {4-((E)-(4-(((Z)-(4-chlorophenyl)(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methylene)amino)phenyl)diazenyl)benzenesulfonate}], which do not require the use of UV light for photoisomerization and which also have improved solubility and show reduced tissue impairment. The trans isomers of both compounds showed a remarkable increase in antagonistic activity relative to their lead trans-19; furthermore, a 46-fold difference in activity on the isolated guinea pig ileum was observed between trans- and cis-35.
- Rustler, Karin,Pockes, Steffen,K?nig, Burkhard
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p. 636 - 644
(2019/02/14)
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- SPIROCYCLE COMPOUNDS AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING SAME
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Provided herein are compounds and compositions useful as modulators of MAGL. Furthermore, the subject compounds and compositions are useful for the treatment of pain.
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Paragraph 0330
(2019/03/17)
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- Novel hetero-cyclic compound and organic light emitting device comprising the same
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The present invention refers to novel heterocyclic compounds and organic light emitting device using the same number [...] substrate. (by machine translation)
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Paragraph 0142-0145
(2019/02/16)
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- Novel hetero-cyclic compound and organic light emitting device comprising the same
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The present invention relates to a novel heterocyclic compound capable of increasing efficiency, low driving voltage and/or lifetime characteristics in an organic light emitting device, and an organic light emitting device using the same. The novel heterocyclic compound is represented by chemical formula 1. In chemical formula 1, L is phenylene, biphenylylene, or naphthylene, and Xs are each independently N or CH, wherein at least one of Xs is N.COPYRIGHT KIPO 2019
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Paragraph 0143-0146
(2019/02/28)
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- Novel hetero-cyclic compound and organic light emitting device comprising the same
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The present invention relates to a novel heterocyclic compound capable of enhancing efficiency, and low driving voltage and/or lifespan characteristics in an organic light emitting device, and to an organic light emitting device using the same. The novel heterocyclic compound is represented by chemical formula 1. In chemical formula 1, Xs are each independently N or CH, wherein at least one of Xs is N, L_1 is a bond or substituted or unsubstituted C_(6-60) arylene.COPYRIGHT KIPO 2019
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Paragraph 0158-0161
(2019/03/30)
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- Visible light-induced transformation of aldehydes to esters, carboxylic anhydrides and amides
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A transition metal- and organophotocatalyst free synthesis of esters, carboxylic anhydrides and amides from aldehydes induced by visible-light has been reported. The proposed methodology can be carried out by the use of sunlight or artificial visible light as a blue LED source. The methodology has a very broad applicability and the desired products are obtained in very satisfactory yields.
- Gaspa, Silvia,Raposo, Inês,Pereira, Leonor,Mulas, Gabriele,Ricci, Pier Carlo,Porcheddu, Andrea,De Luca, Lidia
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supporting information
p. 10711 - 10715
(2019/07/15)
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- A to the recovery of the system is right chlorobenzoic acid chloride of preparation process
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The invention relates to a to the recovery of the system is right chlorobenzoic acid chloride of preparation process, comprising the following steps: S1 feed purification: will be 1 - (4 - chlorophenyl) - 4, 4 - dimethyl - 3 - pentanone preparing to process the residual ethanol purification to obtain the chlorobenzoic acid; S2 catalytic synthesis: will [...], ethyl ether, catalyst and S1 step to the chlorobenzoic acid added in a reaction kettle, under protective gas atmosphere heating and stirring, concentrated rectification and purification to obtain the chloride; S3 residual liquid recovery: the S2 in the step of adding ethanol distillation of the residual liquid, the residual liquid in the mixing temperature to the chlorobenzene chloride is converted into benzoic acid, purification to obtain the chlorobenzoic acid repeat input S2 in the step of preparing the chloride reaction. The invention has advantages of low cost, high purity and advantage of high productive rate.
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Paragraph 0028; 0035; 0042
(2018/07/30)
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- An Efficient Synthesis of New 2-Aryl-5-phenylazenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole Derivatives from N, N' -Diarylcarbonohydrazides
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A series of new 1,3,4-oxadiazoles conjugated to aromatic substituents by an azo linker was synthesized in a four-step reaction sequence, involving cyclodehydration of a N, N' -diacylhydrazine fragment and dehydrogenation of the neighboring hydrazine fragm
- Kedzia, Anna,Jasiak, Karolina,Kudelko, Agnieszka
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supporting information
p. 1745 - 1748
(2018/06/26)
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- Metathesis-active ligands enable a catalytic functional group metathesis between aroyl chlorides and aryl iodides
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Current methods for functional group interconversion have, for the most part, relied on relatively strong driving forces which often require highly reactive reagents to generate irreversibly a desired product in high yield and selectivity. These approaches generally prevent the use of the same catalytic strategy to perform the reverse reaction. Here we describe a catalytic functional group metathesis approach to interconvert, under CO-free conditions, two synthetically important classes of electrophiles that are often employed in the preparation of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals—aroyl chlorides (ArCOCl) and aryl iodides (ArI). Our reaction design relies on the implementation of a key reversible ligand C–P bond cleavage event, which enables a non-innocent, metathesis-active phosphine ligand to mediate a rapid aryl group transfer between the two different electrophiles. Beyond enabling a practical and safer approach to the interconversion of ArCOCl and ArI, this type of ligand non-innocence provides a blueprint for the development of a broad range of functional group metathesis reactions employing synthetically relevant aryl electrophiles.
- Lee, Yong Ho,Morandi, Bill
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p. 1016 - 1022
(2018/09/06)
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- Functional Group Transposition: A Palladium-Catalyzed Metathesis of Ar-X σ-Bonds and Acid Chloride Synthesis
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We describe the development of a new method to use palladium catalysis to form functionalized aromatics: via the metathesis of covalent σ-bonds between Ar-X fragments. This transformation demonstrates the dynamic nature of palladium-based oxidative addition/reductive elimination and offers a straightforward approach to incorporate reactive functional groups into aryl halides through exchange reactions. The reaction has been exploited to assemble acid chlorides without the use of high energy halogenating or toxic reagents and, instead, via the metathesis of aryl iodides with other acid chlorides.
- De La Higuera Macias, Maximiliano,Arndtsen, Bruce A.
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supporting information
p. 10140 - 10144
(2018/08/23)
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- Tankyrase inhibitor
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The invention belongs to the technical field of medicines and particularly relates to a tankyrase inhibitor represented by a general formula (I) shown in the description and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, solvates or stereoisomers thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, m, n, Z, L, Q, A, X1, X2 and Y are as defined in the description. The invention further relates to a preparation method for the compounds, pharmaceutical preparations and pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds and application of the compound and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, solvates or stereoisomers thereof in preparation of drugs for treating and/or preventing tankyrase mediated cancers and related diseases.
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Paragraph 0540-0541
(2017/10/13)
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- PYRROLIDINE DERIVATIVES
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Provided herein are compounds of the formula (I), as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein the substituents are as those disclosed in the specification. These compounds, and the pharmaceutical compositions containing them, are useful for the treatment or prevention of mGluR5 mediated disorders, such as acute and/or chronic neurological disorders, cognitive disorders and memory deficits, as well as acute and chronic pain.
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Paragraph 00040
(2017/05/17)
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- Anhydrides from aldehydes or alcohols via oxidative cross-coupling
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A novel type of metal-free oxidative cross-coupling for the synthesis of symmetrical and mixed anhydrides from aldehydes or benzylic alcohols has been developed. The aldehydes or alcohols were converted in situ into their corresponding acyl chlorides, which were then reacted with an array of carboxylic acids. The methodology has a general applicability, and was successfully employed to prepare either aromatic or aliphatic symmetrical anhydrides and mixed anhydrides, which are very unstable compounds.
- Gaspa, Silvia,Amura, Ida,Porcheddu, Andrea,De Luca, Lidia
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supporting information
p. 931 - 939
(2017/02/10)
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- CLEAN PROCESS FOR PREPARING CHLOROFORMYL-SUBSTITUTED BENZENE
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Clean process for preparing a chloroformyl-substituted benzene by oxidation of a tail gas hydrogen chloride from a chlorination reaction and a chloroacylation reaction and recycling of the resulting oxidation product chlorine gas into the chlorination reaction. The present invention provides a clean process for preparing a polymer-grade chloroformyl-substituted benzene.
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Paragraph 0140; 0150; 0163
(2017/12/17)
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- Visible-Light-Mediated Synthesis of Amides from Aldehydes and Amines via in Situ Acid Chloride Formation
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An efficient visible-light photocatalysis-based one-pot amide synthesis method was developed; visible-light irradiation of a mixture of an aldehyde, tert-butyl hydrogen peroxide, and N-chlorosuccinimide using a Ru(bpy)3Cl2 photocatalyst afforded an acid chloride, which subsequently reacted with amine to yield the corresponding amide. The reaction was used to synthesize moclobemide and a D3 receptor intermediate.
- Iqbal, Naeem,Cho, Eun Jin
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p. 1905 - 1911
(2016/03/15)
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- Metal-Free Oxidative Cross Esterification of Alcohols via Acyl Chloride Formation
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A novel metal-free oxidative cross esterification of alcohols has been achieved using trichloroisocyanuric acid as an oxidant. The alcohols were converted in situ into their corresponding acyl chlorides, which were then reacted with primary and secondary aliphatic, benzylic and allylic alcohols and phenols. A wide variety of esters was obtained in satisfactory yields.
- Gaspa, Silvia,Porcheddu, Andrea,De Luca, Lidia
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supporting information
p. 154 - 158
(2016/01/25)
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- Metal-Free Direct Oxidation of Aldehydes to Esters Using TCCA
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Aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes are simply converted into esters by an efficient oxidative esterification carried out under mild conditions. The aldehydes are converted in situ into their corresponding acyl chlorides, which are then reacted with primary and secondary aliphatic, benzylic, allylic, and propargylic alcohols and phenols. A variety of esters are obtained in high yields.
- Gaspa, Silvia,Porcheddu, Andrea,De Luca, Lidia
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supporting information
p. 3666 - 3669
(2015/08/18)
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- Design, synthesis, and fungicidal activity of novel carboxylic acid amides represented by N-benzhydryl valinamode carbamates
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Carboxylic acid amide (CAA) fungicides are an important class of agricultural fungicide with oomycete activity and low toxicity toward mammalian cells. To find CAA analogues with high activity against resistant pathogens, a series of substituted N-benzhydryl valinamide carbamate derivatives were designed and synthesized by introducing substituted aromatic rings into valinamide carbamate leads. Bioassays showed that some title compounds exhibited very good in vitro fungicidal activity against Phytophthora capsici and in vivo fungicidal activities against Pseudoperonospora cubensis. Topomer CoMFA was performed to explore the structure-activity relationship on the basis of the in vitro data. The dimethoxy substituted aromatic analogue 9e was found to display higher in vitro fungicidal activity against Phytophthora capsici than iprovalicarb but lower activity than mandipropamid, and higher in vivo fungicidal activity against Pseudoperonospora cubensis than dimethomorph at a dosage of 6.25 μg mL-1. This journal is the Partner Organisations 2014.
- Du, Xiu-Jiang,Bian, Qiang,Wang, Hong-Xue,Yu, Shu-Jing,Kou, Jun-Jie,Wang, Zhi-Peng,Li, Zheng-Ming,Zhao, Wei-Guang
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p. 5427 - 5434
(2014/07/21)
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- An efficient synthesis of conjugated 5-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles from 3-heteroarylacrylohydrazides and acid chlorides
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New derivatives of 5-aryl-2-[2-(2-furyl)ethenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazoles and 5-aryl-2-[2-(2-thienyl)ethenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazoles are synthesized in a stepwise procedure through intermediate acyclic N′-arylcarbonyl-N-[2-(2-heteroaryl) acryloyl]hydrazines, starting from 3-(2-heteroaryl)acrylic acid hydrazides and acid chlorides. A facile one-pot methodology leading to the final 1,3,4-oxadiazoles is also described.
- Kudelko, Agnieszka,Wróblowska, Monika
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supporting information
p. 3252 - 3254
(2014/06/09)
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- Cu(II)-mediated C-H amidation and amination of arenes: Exceptional compatibility with heterocycles
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A Cu(OAc)2-mediated C-H amidation and amination of arenes and heteroarenes has been developed using a readily removable directing group. A wide range of sulfonamides, amides, and anilines function as amine donors in this reaction. Heterocycles present in both reactants are tolerated, making this a broadly applicable method for the synthesis of a family of inhibitors including 2-benzamidobenzoic acids and N-phenylaminobenzoates.
- Shang, Ming,Sun, Shang-Zheng,Dai, Hui-Xiong,Yu, Jin-Quan
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supporting information
p. 3354 - 3357
(2014/03/21)
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- Design, synthesis and insecticidal activity of novel anthranilic diamides with benzyl sulfide scaffold
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A series of novel anthranilic diamides with benzyl sulfide scaffold were synthesized, in which N-pyridylpyrazole moiety generally regarded as key pharmacophore was abandoned. The target compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 19F NMR and HRMS. The preliminary bioassays indicated that half of the title compounds were endowed with good insecticidal activities against armyworm (Mythimna sepatara) at the concentration of 500 mg/L. Exhilaratingly, the synthesized compound 3a was also active against Tetranychus cinnabarinus at 100 mg/L. The difference in activities between the target compounds was influenced by the substituents, which provided some hints for further investigation on structure modifications.
- Chen, Yin-Bo,Li, Ji-Ling,Shao, Xu-Sheng,Xu, Xiao-Yong,Li, Zhong
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p. 673 - 676
(2013/07/26)
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- Nickel-Catalyzed reductive cross-Coupling of unactivated alkyl halides
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A Ni-catalyzed reductive approach to the cross-coupling of two unactivated alkyl halides has been successfully developed. The reaction works efficiently for primary and secondary halides, with at least one being bromide. The mild reaction conditions allow for excellent functional group tolerance and provide the C(sp3)-C(sp3) coupling products in moderate to excellent yields.
- Yu, Xiaolong,Yang, Tao,Wang, Shulin,Xu, Hailiang,Gong, Hegui
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 2138 - 2141
(2011/06/22)
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- Pd-catalyzed intermolecular C-H amination with alkylamines
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C-H amination of N-aryl benzamides with O-benzoyl hydroxylamines has been achieved with either Pd(II) or Pd(0) catalysts. Furthermore, we demonstrate that secondary amines can be directly used with benzoyl peroxide in a one-pot procedure that proceeds via
- Yoo, Eun Jeong,Ma, Sandy,Mei, Tian-Sheng,Chan, Kelvin S. L.,Yu, Jin-Quan
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 7652 - 7655
(2011/06/26)
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- Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of new benzofuran derivatives
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Thirteen compounds, based on benzofuran skeleton bearing aryl substituents at its C-3 position through methanone linker, were synthesized and screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities against four bacteria Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin-resistant S. aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and a fungus Candida albicans. Four hydrophobic benzofuran analogs were found to exhibit favorable antibacterial activities (MIC80 = 0.39-3.12 μg/mL), which were better than the control drugs.
- Jiang, Xizhen,Liu, Wenlu,Zhang, Wei,Jiang, Faqin,Gao, Zhe,Zhuang, Hao,Fu, Lei
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experimental part
p. 3526 - 3530
(2011/07/31)
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- N -pyridyl and pyrimidine benzamides as KCNQ2/Q3 potassium channel openers for the treatment of epilepsy
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A series of N-pyridyl benzamide KCNQ2/Q3 potassium channel openers were identified and found to be active in animal models of epilepsy and pain. The best compound 12 [ICA-027243, N-(6-chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-3,4-difluoro-benzamide] has an EC50 of 0.38 μM and is selective for KCNQ2/Q3 channels. This compound was active in several rodent models of epilepsy and pain but upon repeated dosing had a number of unacceptable toxicities that prevented further development. On the basis of the structure-activity relationships developed around 12, a second compound, 51, [N-(2-chloro-pyrimidin-5-yl)-3,4-difluoro- benzamide, ICA-069673], was prepared and advanced into a phase 1 clinical study. Herein, we describe the structure-activity relationships that led to the identification of compound 12 and to the corresponding pyrimidine 51.
- Amato, George,Roeloffs, Rosemarie,Rigdon, Greg C.,Antonio, Brett,Mersch, Theresa,McNaughton-Smith, Grant,Wickenden, Alan D.,Fritch, Paul,Suto, Mark J.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 481 - 484
(2011/08/22)
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- Ruthenium-catalyzed oxidative annulation by cleavage of C-H/N-H bonds
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Bond activation in action: Unprecedented ruthenium-catalyzed oxidative annulations of alkynes through cleavage of C-H bonds set the stage for an efficient 1(2H)-isoquinolone synthesis with ample scope (see scheme; tAm=tert-amyl). Mechanistic studies provided strong evidence for a rate-limiting C-H bond metalation through carboxylate assistance. Copyright
- Ackermann, Lutz,Lygin, Alexander V.,Hofmann, Nora
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 6379 - 6382
(2011/09/12)
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- PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF PHTHALOYL DICHLORIDE COMPOUNDS, CATALYST TO BE USED THEREIN, AND PROCESS FOR PREPARATION OF SAME
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A method of producing a phthaloyl dichloride compound, the method including: providing a compound represented by the following formula (1) and a compound represented by the following formula (2); and bringing the compound represented by the following formula (1) and the compound represented by the following formula (2) into reaction, so as to form a compound represented by the following formula (3), in the presence of at least one compound selected from a zirconium compound, a hafnium compound, and zinc oxide; wherein, in formulae, X represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a nitro group, a methyl group, or a methoxy group; when the X is plural, Xs may be the same or different from each other; n represents an integer of from 0 to 2; R represents a halogen atom, a chlorocarbonyl group, a low carbon number alkyl group, or a halogen-substituted low carbon number alkyl group; when the R is plural, Rs may be the same or different from each other; and m represents an integer of from 0 to 2.
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Page/Page column 13
(2011/06/24)
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- A mild titanium-based system for the reduction of amides to aldehydes
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A mild method for the reduction of amides to aldehydes using 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane/titanium(IV) isopropoxide reducing system is described. The reaction occurs under mild conditions and allows the reduction of aromatic as well as aliphatic, tertiary amides to the corresponding aldehydes, in good yields. This methodology was extended to the reduction of aromatic secondary and primary amides to the corresponding aldehydes.
- Laval, Stéphane,Dayoub, Wissam,Favre-Reguillon, Alain,Demonchaux, Patrice,Mignani, Gérard,Lemaire, Marc
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body text
p. 2092 - 2094
(2010/06/14)
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- METHODS FOR PREPARING AMIDE DERIVATIVES
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The present invention provides a novel method for preparing an amide derivative. The method of the present invention enables to economically prepare various amide derivatives containing pranlukart by reacting a carboxylic acid derivative 5 and an amine derivative through a brief procedure compared with a conventional technology, and permits to obtain a final product at a high yield rate because it is feasible to eliminate by-products after termination of reactions. Accordingly, the present method is to be quite suitable for massive production.
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Page/Page column 24-25
(2010/04/03)
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- From carboxylic acids to the trifluoromethyl group using BrF3
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Organic trifluoromethyl derivatives were made from aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic acids by transforming them first into the corresponding dithioesters followed by reaction with bromine trifluoride under mild conditions (0 °C, 2 min).
- Cohen, Or,Mishani, Eyal,Rozen, Shlomo
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scheme or table
p. 3579 - 3582
(2010/07/04)
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- Second generation analogues of the cancer drug clinical candidate tipifarnib for anti-chagas disease drug discovery
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We previously reported that the cancer drug clinical candidate tipifarnib kills the causative agent of Chagas disease, Trypanosoma cruzi, by blocking ergosterol biosynthesis at the level of inhibition of lanosterol 14α-demethylase. Tipifarnib is an inhibitor of human protein farnesyltransferase. We synthesized tipifarnib analogues that no longer bind to protein farnesyltransferase and display increased potency for killing parasites. This was achieved in a structure-guided fashion by changing the substituents attached to the phenyl group at the 4-position of the quinoline ring of tipifarnib and by replacing the amino group by OMe. Several compounds that kill Trypanosoma cruzi at subnanomolar concentrations and are devoid of protein farnesyltransferase inhibition were discovered. The compounds are shown to be advantageous over other lanosterol 14α-demethylase inhibitors in that they show only modest potency for inhibition of human cytochrome P450 (3A4). Since tipifarnib displays high oral bioavailability and acceptable pharmacokinetic properties, the newly discovered tipifarnib analogues are ideal leads for the development of drugs to treat Chagas disease.
- Kraus, James M.,Tatipaka, Hari Babu,McGuffin, Sarah A.,Chennamaneni, Naveen Kumar,Karimi, Mandana,Arif, Jenifer,Verlinde, Christophe L. M. J.,Buckner, Frederick S.,Gelb, Michael H.
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experimental part
p. 3887 - 3898
(2010/08/22)
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- Design and synthesis of 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles and pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines for Aurora-A kinase inhibitors
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Two series of 3-aminopyrazole compounds including 24 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles and 16 pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines were synthesized and evaluated against HCT116, A549, and A2780 tumor cell lines. Among them, three compounds were found to have the ideal anti-proliferative activities in vitro. Docking experiments showed that the novel pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines share the similar interaction mode with Aurora-A kinase as PHA739358.
- Shi, Jianyou,Xu, Guobin,Zhu, Wei,Ye, Haoyu,Yang, Shengyong,Luo, Youfu,Han, Jing,Yang, Jincheng,Li, Rui,Wei, Yuquan,Chen, Lijuan
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 4273 - 4278
(2010/09/04)
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- Designed molecular switches: Controlling the conformation of benzamido-diphenylacetylenes
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With the goal of creating a molecular switch, the hydrogen-bonded diphenylacetylene structure has been modified such that an equilibrium now exists between two intramolecular H-bonded states. Through X-ray crystallography and 1H NMR analysis it
- Jones, Ian M.,Hamilton, Andrew D.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 3651 - 3653
(2010/10/03)
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- Synthesis and biological evaluation of some substituted amino thiazole derivatives
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Condensation of acetophenone with thiourea in presence of halogen (Iodine) gives 2-amino-4-phenylthiazole (I). 2-Amino-4-phenyl-5-phenylazothizole (II) was prepared by coupling of phenyldiazonium chloride with 2-amino-4-phenylthiazole (I). A series of amide can be synthesized by treatment of appropriate substituted acid chlorides (III) with compound (II) using pyridine as solvent. All the synthesized compounds are characterized by the combination of elemental analysis and standard spectroscopic method. They are screened for anti-bacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus as well as screened for antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger and Apergillus oryzae by cup plate method at 1μg/mL concentration in DMF. All the synthesized compounds showed moderate to good microbial activity.
- Prajapati,Modi, Vishal P.
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experimental part
p. 240 - 243
(2010/11/05)
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- N-aroylated isatins: Antiglycation activity
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A series of N-aroylated isatins 1-15 was synthesized and evaluated for their antiglycation activity. All compounds showed a varying degree of glycation inhibitory activity with IC50 values between 18.01 ± 0.05-693.7 ± 3.0 μM, when compared with the standard (aminoguanidine) having an IC50 = 268.7 ± 12.4 μM. Compound 1 was found to be the most active member of this series with an IC50 = 18.01 ± 0.05 μM. Compound 10 showed an IC50 = 72.5 ± 0.09 μM, whereas compound 7 has an IC50 = 80.18 ± 0.07 μM. Compounds 3, 9, and 13 showed IC50 values 170.2 ± 0.62, 117.91 ± 2.9, 171.3 ± 0.79 μM, respectively. Rest of the compounds along with parent isatin were found to be inactive. The structures of all the synthetic compounds were deduced by spectroscopic analysis.
- Khan, Khalid Mohammed,Mughal, Uzma Rasool,Khan, Ambreen,Naz, Farzana,Perveen, Shahnaz,Choudhary, M. Iqbal
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scheme or table
p. 188 - 193
(2011/02/21)
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- 4-[1-(Substituted aryl/alkyl carbonyl)-benzoimidazol-2-yl]-benzenesulfonic acids: Synthesis, antimicrobial activity, QSAR studies, and antiviral evaluation
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A series of 4-[1-(substituted aryl/alkyl carbonyl)-benzoimidazol-2-yl]- benzene sulphonic acids (1-20) was synthesized and evaluated, in vitro, for their antimicrobial activity and the results indicated that compounds 4-[1-(4-Nitrobenzoyl)-1H-benzoimidazol-2-yl]-benzenesulfonic acid (9) and 4-(1-octadec-9-enoyl-1H-benzoimidazol-2-yl)-benzenesulfonic acid (18) were found to be the most active ones. QSAR investigations indicated that the multi-target QSAR model was effective in describing the antimicrobial activity over the one-target QSAR models. Further the mt-QSAR model indicated the importance of the topological parameter, Balaban index (J) followed by the electronic parameter, LUMO and topological parameter, valence second order molecular connectivity index (2χv) in describing the antimicrobial activity of synthesized compounds (1-20).
- Yadav, Snehlata,Kumar, Pradeep,De Clercq, Erik,Balzarini, Jan,Pannecouque, Christophe,Dewan, Sharwan Kumar,Narasimhan, Balasubramanian
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scheme or table
p. 5985 - 5997
(2011/01/13)
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- Synthesis and antifungal activities of New pyrazole derivatives via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction
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A series of cycloadducts - pyrazoles via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions of generated nitrilimines with N-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)maleimide were described. The novel compounds synthesized were characterized by 1H NMR, MS, and elemental analysis. The fungicidal tests showed that most of the title compounds exhibit significant fungicidal activities against Corynespora cassiicola.
- Zhang, Chuan-Yu,Liu, Xing-Hai,Wang, Bao-Lei,Wang, Su-Hua,Li, Zheng-Ming
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scheme or table
p. 489 - 493
(2011/02/21)
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- Synthesis 1-acyl-3-(2'-aminophenyl) thioureas as anti-intestinal nematode prodrugs
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A series of 1-acyl-3-(2'-aminophenyl) thiourea derivatives were designed and synthesized. The structures of all the newly synthesized compounds were identified by IR, elemental analysis, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. Their anti-intestinal nema
- Duan, Li-Ping,Xue, Jia,Xu, Li-Li,Zhang, Hao-Bing
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experimental part
p. 6941 - 6947
(2011/02/22)
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- 3-Substituted isocoumarins as thymidine phosphorylase inhibitors
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3-Substituted isocoumarins 1-19 were synthesized and evaluated for their thymidine phosphorylase inhibitory activity. Eight (8) compounds exhibited a varying degree of inhibitory activity towards thymidine phosphorylase from E. coli with IC50 values between 61- 402 μM. The activities were compared with the standard 7-deazaxanthine (IC50 = 39.28 ± 0.76 μM).
- Khan, Khalid Mohammed,Ahmed, Sumbul,Hussain, Sajjad,Ambreen, Nida,Perveen, Shahnaz,Choudhary, M. Iqbal
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body text
p. 265 - 268
(2011/03/18)
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- Practical synthesis of a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor
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p38 MAP kinase inhibitors have attracted considerable interest as potential agents for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Herein, we describe a concise and efficient synthesis of inhibitor 1 that is based on a phthalazine scaffold. Highlights of our approach include a practical synthesis of a 1,6-disubstituted phthalazine building block 24 as well as the one-pot formation of boronic acid 27. Significant synthetic work to understand the reactivity principles of the intermediates helped in selection of the final synthetic route. Subsequent optimization of the individual steps of the final sequence led to a practical synthesisof 1.
- Achmatowicz, Michal,Thiel, Oliver R.,Wheeler, Philip,Bernard, Charles,Huang, Jinkun,Larsen, Robert D.,Faul, Margaret M.
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scheme or table
p. 795 - 809
(2009/06/20)
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